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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-4-27-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1012</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-социальные характеристики, качество жизни, приверженность терапии пациентов ПНД с расстройствами шизофренического спектра: кросс-секционное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Social Characteristics, Quality of Life, Adherence to Therapy of Out-Patients with Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders: Cross-Sectional Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурыгина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burygina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Андреевна Бурыгина, кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клини ческая больница № 4 им. П.Б. Ганнушкина»; доцент, кафедра психиатрии и наркологии, Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa A. Burygina, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Medical Officer, Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lar.burygina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2064-6821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дина Дмитриевна Григорьева, врач-психиатр</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dina D. Grigorieva, MD, Psychiatrist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dinadg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-4936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Голубев, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П.Б. Ганнушкина»; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела юношеской психиатрии, ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»; профессор, кафедра психиатрии, ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Golubev, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; Leading Researcher, FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”; Professor of the Department of Psychiatry, “Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs”</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">color1982@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-7894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березанцев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezantsev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Юрьевич Березанцев, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, врач-психиатр, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П.Б. Ганнушкина»; ведущий судебный психиатр-эксперт, ГБУЗ МО «Центральная клиническая психиатрическая больница им. Ф.А. Усольцева»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Berezantsev, Dr. of. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Psychiatrist, Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; Leading Forensic Psychiatrist, Psychiatric Hospital named after F.A. Usol’tsev</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berintend@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6871-1293</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумакова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Шумакова, врач-психиатр, аспирант, учебный центр, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.А. Алексеева», ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П.Б. Ганнушкина»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Shumakova, PhD Student, Psychiatrist, Psychiatrist, Educational Center, Psychiatric Hospital no. 1 named after N.A. Alexeev, Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lillit19@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П. Б. Ганнушкина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П. Б. Ганнушкина»; ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья; ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федераци</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П. Б. Ганнушкина»; ГБУЗ МО «Центральная клиническая психиатрическая больница им. Ф. А. Усольцева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; Psychiatric Hospital named after F.A. Usol’tsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 4 им. П. Б. Ганнушкина»;  ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 1 им. Н. А. Алексеева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Psychiatric Hospital no. 4 named after P.B. Gannushkin; Psychiatric Hospital no. 1 named after N.A. Alexeev of the Department of Health of Moscow (GBUZ “PKB no. 1 DZM”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурыгина Л.А., Григорьева Д.Д., Голубев С.А., Березанцев А.Ю., Шумакова Е.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурыгина Л.А., Григорьева Д.Д., Голубев С.А., Березанцев А.Ю., Шумакова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burygina L.A., Grigorieva D.D., Golubev S.A., Berezantsev A.Y., Shumakova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1012">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1012</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: клиническое разнообразие расстройств шизофренического спектра определяет широкую вариабельность результатов длительного ведения и лечения больных во внебольничных условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести анализ взаимосвязей клинико-социальных характеристик, качества жизни и приверженности терапии у пациентов с расстройствами шизофренического спектра.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы: изучены 120 пациентов, наблюдающиеся в ПНД с диагнозами расстройств шизофренического спектра (F20, F21, F25 по МКБ-10). Результаты: выделены три категории лиц с учетом высокой степени внутригруппового сходства клинико-социальных характеристик. Пациенты 1-й группы (29%) со стабильно позитивными характеристиками социальной адаптации и высокой приверженностью к терапии отличались более молодым возрастом. Заболевание у них было преимущественно приступообразным с аффективно-бредовой структурой обострений и нерезко выраженными личностными изменениями. Достоверно чаще, чем пациенты двух других групп, они получали терапию антипсихотическими препаратами второго поколения (АПП2) пролонгированного действия. Пациентов 2-й группы (39%) отличали негативно-динамические характеристики социальной адаптации и низкая приверженность терапии. Они были старше по возрасту. Заболевание у них имело непрерывный или эпизодический тип течения с нарастающим дефектом с более высокой частотой умеренной и выраженной позитивной и негативной симптоматики в ремиссии. Лечебно-реабилитационные мероприятия в этих случаях, несмотря на активное применение пролонгированных АПП2, не давали достаточных результатов. У данной категории больных отмечался феномен социального дрейфа с распадом социальных связей, утратой трудовых навыков. Пациентам 3-й группы (32%) со стабильно негативными проявлениями социальной дезадаптации и высокой приверженностью к терапии были свойственны противоречивые характеристики. У значительной части пациентов наблюдались стойкие негативные изменения личности и часто малопрогредиентное течение заболевания с преобладанием неврозоподобной и депрессивной симптоматики. Получающие в течение многих лет преимущественно терапию антипсихотиками первого поколения (АПП1) и не подлежащие госпитализации, они обнаруживали выраженную социальную отгороженность, одиночество и переживания враждебности окружающего мира.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: амбулаторное ведение пациентов с различными характеристиками социальной адаптации и приверженности к терапии представляет клинические проблемы, для эффективного решения которых необходима дифференцированная оптимизация комплексных социально-реабилитационных мероприятий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: clinical diversity of schizophrenic spectrum disorders determines a variety of long-term management and treatment outcomes of out-patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study: to analyze the interrelationships of clinical and social characteristics, quality of life and adherence to therapy in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods: data of 120 patients observed in a neuropsychiatric dispensary with diagnoses of schizophrenic spectrum disorders (F20, F21, F25 according to ICD-10) were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: three categories of individuals were identified, taking into account the high degree of intragroup similarity of clinical and social characteristics. Patients of the first group (29%) have a stable-positive characteristics of social adaptation and a high adherence to therapy. They were characterized by a younger age, mainly an attack-like course of the disease with an affective-delusional structure of exacerbations and weakly pronounced personality changes. Significantly more often than patients of other groups, they received therapy with second-generation antipsychotic drugs of prolonged action. Patients of the second group (39%) have the negative dynamic characteristics of social adaptation and a low adherence to therapy. They were characterized by older age, continuous or episodic types of disease course with increasing defect, higher prevalence of moderately and strongly pronounced positive and negative symptoms at the time of remission. Treatment and rehabilitation measures did not give sufficient results, despite the active use of prolonged antipsychotic drugs of the second generation. In this category of patients, there were phenomena of social drift, with the collapse of social ties, loss of work skills. Patients of the third group (32%) were characterized by contradictory characteristics with stable negative characteristics of social adaptation and high adherence to therapy. A significant part of the patients had negative personality changes and often a low-grade course of the disease with a predominance of neurosis-like and depressive symptoms. Receiving for many years mainly therapy with firstgeneration antipsychotics (APP1) and practically not hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital, they found pronounced social isolation, loneliness and feelings of hostility of the surrounding world.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: the management of out-patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders represent clinical problems depending of different forms of social adaptation and adherence to therapy, for the effective solution of which it is necessary to optimize complex social rehabilitation measures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>расстройства шизофренического спектра</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>социальная адаптация</kwd><kwd>приверженность терапии</kwd><kwd>проблемные группы пациентов</kwd><kwd>оптимизация психиатрической помощи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>schizophrenic spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>social adaptation</kwd><kwd>adherence to therapy</kwd><kwd>problem groups of patients</kwd><kwd>optimization of psychiatric care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Березанцев АЮ, Костюк ГП, Бурыгина ЛА, Левин МЕ, Масякин АВ. 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