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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-6-50-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1068</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тиннитус и психические расстройства (клинико-психопатологическое исследование больных без оториноларингологической патологии)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tinnitus and Psychiatric Disorders (a Clinical Psychopathological Study of Patients without Otorhinolaryngological Pathology)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2924-1855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимец</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimets</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Якимец, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник, заведующий отделением</p><p>отдел по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Yakimets, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Head of Unit</p><p>Department of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.yakimets@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Вячеславовна Морозова, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>кафедра болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Morozova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morozova_s_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-7520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаканов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stakanov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Александрович Стаканов, аспирант</p><p>кафедра психиатрии и психосоматики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Stakanov, Postgraduate Student</p><p>Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">past376@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-7925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Александровна Садкова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Sadkova, Junior Researcher</p><p>Department of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zlata-velta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Павловна Полякова, врач — сурдолог-оториноларинголог, заведующая отделением</p><p>отделение аудиометрии и вестибулометрии, клиника болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Polyakova, Audiologistot-Orhinolaryngologist, Head of Department</p><p>Audiometry and Vestibulometry Department, Clinic of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Poliakovaep@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Якимец А.В., Морозова С.В., Стаканов П.А., Садкова О.А., Полякова Е.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якимец А.В., Морозова С.В., Стаканов П.А., Садкова О.А., Полякова Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakimets A.V., Morozova S.V., Stakanov P.A., Sadkova O.A., Polyakova E.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1068">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1068</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Обоснование</title><p>   Обоснование: тиннитус — это восприятие акустических, фантомных звуков в ухе и/или голове при отсутствии их внешнего источника. Частота встречаемости тиннитуса в населении составляет 5–15 %. Возникновение субъективного шума может иметь ряд возможных причин, однако, в соответствии с данными проведенных ранее исследований, причинно-следственная связь между психическими расстройствами и тиннитусом остается недостаточно доказанной.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования: изучение акустического феномена типа «шум в ушах / внутри головы», сопоставимого с симптоматикой тиннитуса, при отсутствии оториноларингологической, неврологической, соматической патологии.</p></sec><sec><title>   Пациенты и методы</title><p>   Пациенты и методы: выборку составили 12 пациентов (11 мужчин, 1 женщина; средний возраст 38 ± 8,5 года), прошедших комплексное психопатологическое, патопсихологическое, психометрическое, оториноларингологическое, неврологическое и инструментальное обследование. Пациенты соответствовали диагностическим критериям субъективного шума в ушах согласно классификации МКБ-10 (код H93.1).</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты: психопатологическая квалификация ушного шума в наших наблюдениях соответствует психосенсорным расстройствам типа сенестезий. В большинстве случаев ушной шум возникал на фоне уже длительно протекающей невротической или сверхценной ипохондрии. В зависимости от клинической картины ушного шума, особенностей протекания ипохондрического расстройства акустический феномен типа «шум в ушах / внутри головы» выявлялся в рамках четырех нозологий: шизофрения ипохондрическая, шизотипическое расстройство, расстройство личности кластера В с признаками ипохондрического диатеза, параноидное расстройство личности с явлениями сверхценной ипохондрии.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение: результаты настоящего исследования подтверждают связь тиннитуса с психическими расстройствами. Несмотря на ограниченное число наблюдений, допустимо выдвинуть (в порядке рабочей гипотезы) следующее положение: акустический феномен типа «шум в ушах / внутри головы» может манифестировать в рамках психических расстройств (психопатологические феномены ипохондрического круга), дублируя на клиническом уровне симптоматику тиннитуса, формирующуюся при оториноларингологической, неврологической и соматической патологии. Учитывая эти клинические данные, выступающие в рассматриваемой казуистике ипохондрические образования, не имеющие патогенетических критериев оториноларингологической патологии, либо патологии внутренних органов, могут квалифицироваться в соответствии с критериями, представленными в публикациях А. Б. Смулевича и соавт. (2023 г.) в рамках соматической паранойи. Дальнейшее комплексное изучение данного феномена необходимо для более точной верификации клинических критериев дифференциальной диагностики, повышения эффективности выявления обсуждаемой патологии, определения рациональных методов комплексного лечения, включающего психофармакотерапию и психотерапевтические модальности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background: tinnitus is the perception of acoustic, phantom sounds in the ear and/or head in the absence of an external source. The prevalence of tinnitus is 5–15 % in the population. The occurrence of subjective noise may have a number of possible causes, but the causal relationship between psychiatric disorders and tinnitus remains insufficiently proven, according to previous studies.</p><p>   The aim was to study an acoustic phenomenon of the “ear/head noise” type, comparable with tinnitus symptomatology, in the absence of otorhinolaryngological, neurological, somatic pathologies.</p></sec><sec><title>   Patients and methods</title><p>   Patients and methods: the sample consisted of 12 patients (11 men, 1 woman, mean age 38 ± 8.5 years) who underwent complex psychopathological, pathopsychological, psychometric, otorhinolaryngological, neurological, and instrumental examinations, statistical. The patients met the diagnostic criteria of subjective tinnitus according to ICD-10 classification (code H93.1).</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results: the psychopathological qualification of tinnitus in our observations corresponds to psychosensory disorders of the synesthesia type. In the most cases, the ear noise occurred against the background of already long-standing neurotic or overvalued hypochondria. Depending on clinical picture of ear noise, and features of the course of hypochondriacal disorder, the acoustic phenomenon of the “ear / head noises” type was revealed within four nosologies: hypochondriacal schizophrenia, schizotypal disorder, cluster B personality disorder with the phenomenon of hypochondriacal diathesis, paranoid personality disorder with the phenomenon of overvalued hypochondria.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion: the results of the present study, in spite of a limited number of observations, allow us (as a working hypothesis) to propose the following statement: the acoustic phenomenon of the “ear / head noise” type can manifest in psychiatric disorders (psychopathological phenomena of the hypochondriacal circle) duplicating the symptoms of tinnitus at clinical level which, are formed within otolaryngological, neurologicl and somatic pathology. Taking into account these clinical data, hypochondriacal formations appearing in the considered casuistic of the present study, having no base of otorhinolaryngology-related pathology, or internal organ pathology, can be qualified in accordance with the criteria presented in publication A. B. Smulevich et al. (2023) as a part of somatic paranoia. Further comprehensive study of this phenomenon is necessary for more accurate verification of the clinical criteria for differential diagnosis, increasing the efficiency of identifying the pathology under discussion, and determining rational methods of complex treatment, including psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic modalities.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тиннитус</kwd><kwd>субъективный «шум в ушах / внутри головы»</kwd><kwd>психические расстройства</kwd><kwd>ипохондрические расстройства</kwd><kwd>соматическая паранойя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tinnitus</kwd><kwd>subjective entotic sound</kwd><kwd>“head noise”</kwd><kwd>psychiatric disorders</kwd><kwd>hypochondriacal disorders</kwd><kwd>somatic paranoia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Langguth B, Kreuzer PM, Kleinjung T, Ridder DD. 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