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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-7-76-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция концепций дифференциальной диагностики лобно-височной деменции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolution of Concepts of Differential Diagnostics in Frontotemporal Dementia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-6229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдорова</surname><given-names>Я. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Ya. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яна Борисовна Фёдорова, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел гериатрической психиатрии, группа по изучению когнитивных расстройств и деменции</p><p>Scopus AuthorID: 23469258500</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana B. Fedorova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Group of Cognitive Disorders and Dementia</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yfedorova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фёдорова Я.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фёдорова Я.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova Y.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1085">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1085</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: лобно-височная деменция (ЛВД) — группа нейродегенеративных заболеваний с началом обычно в пресенильном возрасте. На начальном этапе заболевания клиническая картина представлена поведенческими нарушениями и относительно сохранными когнитивными функциями. Ранние стадии ЛВД необходимо дифференцировать от других деменций и иных психических заболеваний.  Цель обзора: анализ научных публикаций по проблеме дифференциальной диагностики лобно-височной деменции.  Материал и методы: по ключевым словам «лобно-височная деменция», «лобно-височная долевая дегенерация», «дифференциальная диагностика лобно-височных деменций», «поведенческий вариант лобно-височной деменции» отобраны и проанализированы публикации в научных базах сети интернет за последние два десятилетия. Результаты:  единодушно признается, что  диагностика ЛВД на начальном этапе заболевания представляет трудности. Поведенческий вариант ЛВД (П-ЛВД) является наиболее распространенной формой ЛВД и составляет половину всех случаев ЛВД с ранним началом. По мнению большинства исследователей, именно этот вариант ЛВД представляет наибольшие диагностические трудности. Для клинических симптомов П-ЛВД характерно значительное совпадение с симптомами нейродегенеративных заболеваний и таких психических болезней, как шизофрения, биполярное аффективное расстройство, обсессивно-компульсивное расстройство, расстройства личности. Заключение: несмотря на прогресс нейронаук и медицинских технологий, доказательность прижизненной диагностики ЛВД, особенно на ранних этапах заболевания, ограничена вследствие недостаточной степени разрешения методов нейровизуализациии и отсутствия специфических биомаркеров. Анализ научных публикаций демонстрирует значительное расширение спектра диагностических методов, однако их практическое применение по разным причинам остается проблематичным. В обзоре литературы освещены некоторые диагностические методы, которые можно применить при подозрении на ЛВД, представлены научно обоснованные дифференциально-диагностические рекомендации, повышающие точность ранней диагностики ЛВД. Утверждается, что чувствительность и специфичность почти всех диагностических методов возрастает по мере прогрессирования заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background:  frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of neurodegenerative diseases, with onset usually in presenile age, the clinical picture is manifested by behavioral disorders and relatively intact cognitive features in the initial disease. In  the early stages of FTD, it is difficult to differentiate this type from other dementias or other mental diseases. The  aim was to analyse recent scientific publications on the problem of differential diagnostics of frontotemporal dementia.  Material and methods:  using the keywords “frontotemporal dementia”, “frontotemporal lobar degeneration”, “differential diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia”, “behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia”, selected and analyze publications for the last two decades. Results: the behavioral variant of FTD (bv-FTD) is the most common form of FTD, accounting for 50% of all cases of FTD, and especially in cases with early onset. Predominantly, this variant of FTD presents diagnostic difficulties, due to the limited accuracy of neuroimaging examinations and the lack of specific biomarkers. The clinical symptoms of bv-FTD are characterized by considerable overlap with symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases and mental diseases, such as schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and personality disorders. Conclusion: the diagnosis of FTD at the initial stage of the disease is problematic and difficult, the sensitivity and specificity of almost all diagnostic methods increase as the disease progresses. This literature review highlights some of the diagnostic methods that can be used in suspected cases of FTD and informs about the differential diagnostics recommendations that have been developed to improve the accuracy of FTD diagnosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лобно-височная деменция</kwd><kwd>лобно-височная долевая дегенерация</kwd><kwd>поведенческий вариант лобно-височной деменции</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>frontotemporal dementia</kwd><kwd>frontotemporal lobar degeneration</kwd><kwd>behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia</kwd><kwd>differential diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seeley WW. Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia. 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