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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-1-58-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1099</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристики контрастной чувствительности зрительной системы и микротремора глаз при шизофрении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of Visual Contrast Sensitivity and Ocular Microtremor in Schizophrenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7120-8413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косикова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиса Вадимовна Косикова, аспирант</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa V. Kosikova, Postgraduate Student</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alisa_kosikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-1680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шошина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoshina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Ивановна Шошина, доктор биологических наук, профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Shoshina, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shoshinaii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-9138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляпунов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyapunov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Иванович Ляпунов, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Lyapunov, Senior Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dc.cetsil@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-5486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнова</surname><given-names>З. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseinova</surname><given-names>Z. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зумруд Тахсинбеговна Гусейнова, младший научный сотрудник, отделение биологической терапии психически больных</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zumrud T. Guseinova, Junior Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zumaguseinova14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5535-5322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляпунов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyapunov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Сергеевич Ляпунов, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan S. Lyapunov, Junior Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dront78@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9842-7778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радивилко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radivilko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Артемовна Радивилко, студент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra A. Radivilko, Student</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radivilkosasha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Владимирович Иванов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отделения, отделениебиологической терапии психически больных</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Ivanov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Biological Therapy of Psychic Patients</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profmikhailivanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Институт когнитивных исследований</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University, Institute for Cognitive Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова, РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bekhterev’ National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косикова А.В., Шошина И.И., Ляпунов С.И., Гусейнова З.Т., Ляпунов И.С., Радивилко А.А., Иванов М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косикова А.В., Шошина И.И., Ляпунов С.И., Гусейнова З.Т., Ляпунов И.С., Радивилко А.А., Иванов М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosikova A.V., Shoshina I.I., Lyapunov S.I., Guseinova Z.T., Lyapunov I.S., Radivilko A.A., Ivanov M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1099">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1099</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: шизофрения – тяжелое психическое заболевание, для которого характерны не только когнитивные, но и сенсорные нарушения, в том числе зрительной системы. Исследования указывают на нарушение обработки контраста при шизофрении, однако данные о характере этих нарушений носят противоречивый характер. Теория треморного модуляционного сигнала связывает контрастную чувствительность с параметрами микротремора глаз – высокочастотными и малоамплитудными микродвижениями, которые управляются нейронами ядер ствола мозга. Параметры микротремора глаз при психопатологии, в частности шизофрении, в научной литературе не описаны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить особенности контрастной чувствительности и микротремора глаз при шизофрении.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы: в исследовании приняли участие 30 пациентов с диагнозом параноидной шизофрении. Группу контроля составили 30 человек без психопатологических и неврологических расстройств. Для регистрации контрастной чувствительности использовали метод компьютерной визоконтрастометрии. Предъявляли элементы Габора с пространственной частотой 0.4, 1.0, 3.0 и 10 цикл/град. Микротремор глаз фиксировали бесконтактным методом высокоскоростной видеорегистрации с помощью оригинальной оптической установки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: у пациентов контрастная чувствительность была ниже в области средних и высоких пространственных частот по сравнению с условно здоровым контролем, что может быть связано с хроническим течением болезни. Микротремор глаз у пациентов отличался более низким значением частоты и более высоким – амплитуды по сравнению с группой контроля.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: контрастная чувствительность и показатели микротремора глаз могут рассматриваться как потенциальные маркеры для определения функционального состояния при шизофрении, что требует дальнейших исследований и накопления экспериментальных данных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized not only by cognitive but also sensory impairments, including the visual system. Research suggests impairments in contrast processing in schizophrenia, but evidence regarding the nature of these impairments is inconsistent. The theory of tremor modulation signal connects contrast sensitivity with the parameters of ocular microtremor – high-frequency and low-amplitude micromovements that are controlled by neurons of the nuclei of the brain stem. The parameters of ocular microtremor in psychopathology, in particular in schizophrenia, have not been described in the scientific literature.</p><p>The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of contrast sensitivity and microtremor of the eyes of patients with schizophrenia.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods: to register contrast sensitivity, the method of computer visocontrastometry was used. Gabor elements were presented with spatial frequencies of 0.4, 1.0, 3.0, and 10 cycles/deg. Eye microtremor was recorded using a non-contact high-speed video recording method using an original optical system. The study involved 30 patients diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenia and 30 people without psychopathology and neurological diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the contrast sensitivity of patients was reduced in the region of medium and high spatial frequencies compared with conditionally healthy controls, which may be associated with the chronic course of the disease. Ocular microtremor in the patient group was characterized by a lower frequency and a higher amplitude compared to the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: contrast sensitivity and ocular microtremor are considered as potential markers for determining the functional state in schizophrenia, which requires further research and accumulation of experimental data.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>зрительная система</kwd><kwd>контрастная чувствительность зрительной системы</kwd><kwd>магноцеллюлярная система</kwd><kwd>парвоцеллюлярная система</kwd><kwd>окулярный микротремор</kwd><kwd>микротремор глаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>visual contrast sensitivity</kwd><kwd>magnocellular system</kwd><kwd>parvocellular system</kwd><kwd>ocular micromovements</kwd><kwd>eye microtremor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование по регистрации контрастной чувствительности выполнено при поддержке РНФ (проект № 22-18-00074).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study with registration of contrast sensitivity was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project № 22-18-00074).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mueser KT, Jeste DV (ed.). 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