psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-2-6-17psychiatry-1143Research ArticleПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯPSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRYСтруктурные и функциональные особенности дорсолатеральной префронтальной коры при расстройствах шизофренического спектра и их связь с возрастом манифестации заболеванияStructural and Functional Characteristics of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Their Associations with Onset Agehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-4251ПаникратоваЯ. Р.PanikratovaYa. R.

Яна Романовна Паникратова, кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейровизуализации и мультимодального анализа 

Москва

Yana R. Panikratova, Cand. of Sci. (Psychol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis 

Moscow

panikratova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6688-4329ТомышевА. С.TomyshevA. S.

Александр Сергеевич Томышев, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейровизуализации и мультимодального анализа 

Москва

Alexander S. Tomyshev, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis 

Moscow

alexander.tomyshev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7328-8397АбдуллинаЕ. Г.AbdullinaE. G.

Екатерина Гаяровна Абдуллина, младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейровизуализации и мультимодального анализа 

Москва

Ekaterina G. Abdullina, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis 

Moscow

catherina.abdullina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3001-7842ТихоновД. В.TikhonovD. V.

Денис Витальевич Тихонов, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел юношеской психиатрии 

Москва

Denis V. Tikhonov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Youth Psychiatry 

Moscow

denvt@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7283-1717АлексееваА. Г.AlekseevaA. G.

Анна Григорьевна Алексеева, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, группа по изучению особых форм психической патологии, отдел юношеской психиатрии 

Москва

Anna G. Alekseeva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Group of Special Forms of Psychiatric Pathology, Department of Youth Psychiatry 

Moscow

agalexeeva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-1443КаледаВ. Г.KaledaV. G.

Василий Глебович Каледа, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела, отдел юношеской психиатрии 

Москва

Vasily G. Kaleda, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Youth Psychiatry 

Moscow

kaleda-vg@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-1385СтрелецВ. Б.StreletsV. B.

Валерия Борисовна Стрелец, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория высшей нервной деятельности человека 

Москва

Valeriya B. Strelets, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Principal Researcher, Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity 

Moscow

vbstrelets@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-6663ЛебедеваИ. С.LebedevaI. S.

Ирина Сергеевна Лебедева, доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией, лаборатория нейровизуализации и мультимодального анализа 

Москва

Irina S. Lebedeva, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Head of Laboratory, Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis 

Moscow

irina.lebedeva@ncpz.ruФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»РоссияFSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”Russian FederationИнститут высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАНРоссияInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202423052024222617Copyright © Паникратова Я.Р., Томышев А.С., Абдуллина Е.Г., Тихонов Д.В., Алексеева А.Г., Каледа В.Г., Стрелец В.Б., Лебедева И.С., 20242024Паникратова Я.Р., Томышев А.С., Абдуллина Е.Г., Тихонов Д.В., Алексеева А.Г., Каледа В.Г., Стрелец В.Б., Лебедева И.С.Panikratova Y.R., Tomyshev A.S., Abdullina E.G., Tikhonov D.V., Alekseeva A.G., Kaleda V.G., Strelets V.B., Lebedeva I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1143

Обоснование: дорсолатеральная префронтальная кора (ДЛПФК) является одной из наиболее поздно созревающих в онтогенезе областей мозга, структурно-функциональные аномалии которой играют важную роль в патогенезе шизофрении. Поскольку расстройства шизофренического спектра обычно манифестируют еще до полного созревания головного мозга, а их более раннее начало ассоциировано с худшим прогнозом, мы предположили, что более ранний возраст манифестации связан с более выраженными аномалиями ДЛПФК. Цель исследования — анализ ассоциаций возраста манифестации расстройств шизофренического спектра со структурными и функциональными характеристиками ДЛПФК, по которым пациенты отличаются от группы здорового контроля. Пациенты и методы: пациенты с расстройствами шизофренического спектра (F20, F25; n = 82) и психически здоровые испытуемые (n = 86) мужского пола прошли обследование методами структурной МРТ и функциональной МРТ покоя. Анализировали толщину коры, функциональную связанность ДЛПФК в каждом полушарии с остальными структурами мозга, локальную согласованность и амплитуду низкочастотных флуктуаций гемодинамического сигнала в ДЛПФК. Результаты: у пациентов обнаружено снижение толщины серого вещества ДЛПФК билатерально, а также изменения (преимущественно снижение) функциональной связанности ДЛПФК с другими структурами мозга. Данные показатели не были ассоциированы с возрастом манифестации расстройств шизофренического спектра. Заключение: выявленные в исследовании структурно-функциональные аномалии соответствуют общепринятым представлениям о ДЛПФК как об одной из ключевых областей в патогенезе расстройств шизофренического спектра, однако данные аберрации не связаны с возрастом манифестации психоза. Возможные интерпретации результатов и ограничения исследования обсуждаются в тексте.

Background: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is one of the latest brain structures to mature during the ontogeny, and its structural and functional abnormalities play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. As schizophrenia spectrum disorders usually start before the complete brain maturation and their earlier onset is coupled with worse prognosis, we suggested that earlier illness onset is related to more pronounced aberrations of the DLPFC. The aim of study was to analyze the associations of the onset age of schizophrenia spectrum disorders with structural and functional characteristics of the DLPFC that differentiated patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders from healthy controls. Patients and methods: male patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 82) and healthy controls (n = 86) underwent structural MRI and functional resting-state fMRI. Cortical thickness and whole-brain functional connectivity of the DLPFC as well as local coherence and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations of haemodynamic signal in the DLPFC were analyzed. Results: patients demonstrated a decreased gray matter thickness in the DLPFC bilaterally along with aberrant (predominantly decreased) functional connectivity of the DLPFC with other brain structures in each hemisphere. These measures were not associated with the age of illness onset. Conclusions: structural and functional abnormalities revealed in this study coincide with conventional view on the DLPFC as one of the key regions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders pathogenesis, however, these aberrations were not related to the age of psychosis onset. Possible interpretations of our results and limitations of the study are discussed in the article.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.