psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-2-54-65psychiatry-1148Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSГенетическая коморбидность депрессии и соматических заболеваний: обоснование дизайна изучения популяционной когорты с использованием полигенных шкал рискаGenetic Comorbidity of Depression and Somatic Diseases: Rationale Study Design in a Population Cohort Using Polygenic Risk Scoreshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-625XКибитовА. О.KibitovA. O.

Александр Олегович Кибитов, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отделения геномики психических расстройств; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической фармакологии аддиктивных состояний Института фармакологии им. А.В. Вальдмана 

Санкт-Петербург

Alexander O. Kibitov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of Department, Department of Mental Disorders Genomics; Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Addictive States Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology 

Saint Petersburg

druggen@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-9129МазоГ. Э.MazoG. E.

Галина Элевна Мазо, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по инновационному научному развитию, руководитель Института трансляционной психиатрии 

Санкт-Петербург

Galina E. Mazo, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Director, Head of Translational Psychiatry Institute 

Saint Petersburg

galina-mazo@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-2195КасьяновЕ. Д.KasyanovE. D.

Евгений Дмитриевич Касьянов, кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник, отделение социальной нейропсихиатрии 

Санкт-Петербург

Evgeny D. Kasyanov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Junior Researcher, Department of Social Neuropsychiatry 

Saint Petersburg

ohkasyan@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-0351-7157ГорбуноваА. П.GorbunovaA. P.

Александра Петровна Горбунова, лаборант-исследователь, отделение геномики психических расстройств 

Санкт-Петербург

Alexandra P. Gorbunova, Laboratory Researcher, Department of Mental Disorders Genomics 

Saint Petersburg

gorbunovasashaa@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-2036РукавишниковГ. В.RukavishnikovG. V.

Григорий Викторович Рукавишников, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель отделения социальной нейропсихиатрии 

Санкт-Петербург

Grigory V. Rukavishnikov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Head of Department of Social Neuropsychiatry 

Saint Petersburg

grigory_v_r@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-4206НезнановН. Г.NeznanovN. G.

Николай Григорьевич Незнанов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор; заведующий кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии 

Санкт-Петербург

Nikolay G. Neznanov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director; Head of Depatment of Psychiatry and Narcology 

Saint Petersburg

spbinstb@bekhterev.ruФГБУ «Национальный медицинский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» МЗ РФ; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» МЗ РФРоссияFSBI “Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” RF Ministry of Health; FSEI “Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg” RF of HealthRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» МЗ РФРоссияFSBI “Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” RF Ministry of HealthRussian Federation2024230520242225465Copyright © Кибитов А.О., Мазо Г.Э., Касьянов Е.Д., Горбунова А.П., Рукавишников Г.В., Незнанов Н.Г., 20242024Кибитов А.О., Мазо Г.Э., Касьянов Е.Д., Горбунова А.П., Рукавишников Г.В., Незнанов Н.Г.Kibitov A.O., Mazo G.E., Kasyanov E.D., Gorbunova A.P., Rukavishnikov G.V., Neznanov N.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1148

Обоснование: депрессия широко распространена в популяции и является одной из ведущих причин инвалидизации, снижения продолжительности жизни и смертности. В основе столь существенного влияния лежит высокая частота коморбидности депрессии с тяжелыми хроническими соматическими заболеваниями. Генетические исследования могут дать инструменты для выявления в популяции групп с высоким уровнем генетического риска коморбидности этих заболеваний для их ранней специфической профилактики. Цель обзорной статьи обосновать методологию и дизайн исследования, направленного на поиск общих генетических маркеров риска развития депрессии и хронических соматических заболеваний в виде полигенных шкал риска, ассоциированных с хроническими соматическими заболеваниями, имеющими высокий уровень генетической коморбидности с депрессией. Публикации, пациенты и методы: применение современных международных клинических и психометрических инструментов при обследовании популяционной выборки пациентов с депрессией. Проведение такого исследования позволяет: 1) оценить риск развития хронических соматических заболеваний у пациентов с депрессией; 2) определить предиктивную мощность полигенных шкал риска соматических заболеваний для симптомов депрессии и соматических заболеваний в популяционной выборке; 3) доказать валидность полигенных шкал риска генетической коморбидности депрессии и соматических заболеваний. Заключение: результаты исследования могут быть использованы для научно обоснованного превентивного подхода в области психического и соматического здоровья.

Background: depression is widespread in the population, and one of the leading causes of disability, reduced life expectancy and mortality. Such a significant effect is based on the high frequency of comorbidity of depression with severe chronic somatic diseases. Genetic studies can provide tools to identify groups with a high level of genetic risk of comorbidity of these diseases in a population for their early specific prevention. The aim of review article was to justify the methodology and design of research directed for joint genetic risk markers for depression and chronic somatic diseases linked with each other in terms of genetic comorbidity. Publication, patients and methods: population cohort of depressive patients examined using international clinical and psychometric instruments. The study will allow: 1) to evaluate the risks of developing chronic somatic diseases in a population of patients with depression; 2) to assess the predictive power of polygenic risk scores of somatic diseases for symptoms of depression and somatic diseases in a population sample; 3) to validate polygenic risk scores for genetic comorbidity of depression and somatic diseases in a qualitatively described sample of patients using modern clinical and psychometric tools. Conclusion: the methodology and results of the study can be used for an evidence-based preventive approach in the field of mental and physical health.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.