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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-3-34-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние семейного опыта и среды на употребление алкоголя пациентами с психическими расстройствами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Influence of Family Experience and Environment on Alcohol Use in Patients with Mental Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-5374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучер</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucher</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Олеговна Кучер, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра психиатрии и наркологии, Медицинский институт ; старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya O. Kucher, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Docent, Department of Psychiatry and Addictons; Senior Researcher</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekutcher69@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Николаевна Петрова, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой, кафедрапсихиатрии и наркологии, Медицинский институт</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya N. Petrova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Psychiatry and Addictons</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrova_nn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5512-8602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пехконен</surname><given-names>С.Э. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pehkonen</surname><given-names>S.E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эмилия Дмитриевна Сигрид Пехконен, студентка, медицинский факультет, Медицинский институт</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sigrid Emilia D. Pehkonen, Student, Medical faculty</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emilia.pehkonen@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1144-2782</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азарова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Альбертовна Азарова, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa A. Azarova, Deputy Chief Physician</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azarova812@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3754-0791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дутов</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dutov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Борисович Дутов, кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir B. Dutov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Physician</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir.dutov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0166-1392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варакса</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varaksa</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маргарита Валентиновна Варакса, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita V. Varaksa, Deputy Chief Physician</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pnd1varaksa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова (ИЭФБ) Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая больница № 1 им. П.П. Кащенко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Psychiatric hospital No. 1 named after P.P. Kashchenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Психоневрологический диспансер № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Psychoneurological Dispensary No. 1”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кучер Е.О., Петрова Н.Н., Пехконен С.Д., Азарова Л.А., Дутов В.Б., Варакса М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучер Е.О., Петрова Н.Н., Пехконен С.Д., Азарова Л.А., Дутов В.Б., Варакса М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kucher E.O., Petrova N.N., Pehkonen S.D., Azarova L.A., Dutov V.B., Varaksa M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1169">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1169</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: влияние семейного опыта и социального окружения на употребление алкоголя пациентами с психическими расстройствами мало исследовано, несмотря на то что оно может быть еще одним фактором помимо болезни, определяющим употребление алкоголя. Цель работы: изучение влияния семейных традиций и среды на употребление алкоголя пациентами с психическими расстройствами. Пациенты: 106 пациентов с различными психическими расстройствами, получавших лечение в стационарных и амбулаторных условиях. Методы: анализ медицинских карт и интервью с использованием опросника «Употребление алкоголя: опыт, паттерн, лечение», теста употребления алкоголя (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, AUDIT), шкалы оценки побочных эффектов (Udvalg for Kliniske Unders gelser, UKU), шкалы комплаентности (Drug Attitude Inventory-10, DAI-10). Результаты: доля пациентов с высоким уровнем риска в отношении алкоголя составила 21% от всех испытуемых. Пациенты с высоким уровнем риска отличались по стилю употребления алкоголя в родительской семье: их родители чаще употребляли алкоголь. Первые пробы алкоголя пациентами также происходили в родительской семье. Все пациенты с высоким риском начали употреблять алкоголь до развития заболевания. В окружении таких пациентов в прошлом было больше людей, употребляющих алкоголь в больших количествах. Несмотря на то, что у пациентов с психическими расстройствами и высоким уровнем риска алкоголизации изменилось окружение в настоящем, они все же более склонны к ситуативному выбору алкоголя, чаще используют его для совладания с трудностями, и, по-видимому, используют тот же стиль поведения в отношении алкоголя, сложившийся ранее. Выводы: пациенты, у которых обнаружен высокий риск проблем в отношении алкоголизации, вероятно, вынесли стиль употребления спиртных напитков из родительской семьи, они чаще употребляют алкоголь под влиянием ситуации. Тем не менее одной трети пациентов удалось сократить употребление алкоголя за время психической болезни.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: environmental influences on alcohol use in patients with mental disorders have received little research, although they may be another determinant of alcohol use beyond illness. The aim was to study the influence of family traditions and social environment on alcohol consumption by patients with mental disorders. Patients: 106 patients with various mental disorders who received treatment in inpatient and outpatient settings. Methods: patient information was received from the medical record and interviews using questionnaire “Alcohol use: experience, pattern, treatment” and scales: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser Scale (UKU), Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10). Results: the proportion of patients with high risk for alcohol use problems was 21% of all patients. Patients with a high level of risk differed in the style of drinking alcohol in the parental family: their parents drank alcohol more often. These patients also had their first experience of drinking alcohol in their parental family. There were more people who drank alcohol in large quantities in the past environment of such patients. Although high-risk patients had changed their current environment, they were still more likely to make situational alcohol choices, use it more often to cope with difficulties, and appeared to use previously established drinking styles. All high- risk patients began drinking alcohol before the onset of the disease. Conclusions: patients with a high risk of problems with alcohol use are more likely to have learned their drinking style from their parents, and they are more likely to drink alcohol under the influence of the situation. However, one third of patients were able to reduce their alcohol consumption during illness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пациенты с психическими расстройствами</kwd><kwd>высокий риск проблем с употреблением алкоголя</kwd><kwd>влияние среды на употребление алкоголя</kwd><kwd>стили поведения</kwd><kwd>ситуативный выбор алкоголя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>patients with mental disorders</kwd><kwd>high risk of problems with alcohol use</kwd><kwd>environmental influences on alcohol use</kwd><kwd>alcohol behavior styles</kwd><kwd>situational choice of alcohol</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы благодарят за помощь в подготовке материалов сотрудников 2-го стационара СПб ГБУЗ «Больница им. П.П. Кащенко»: заведующего 1-го отделением К.Г. Семкина, заведующего 3-м отделением Т.В. Малыгина, заведующего 4-м отделением Л.Г. Шаповалову, заведующего 5-м отделением Н.В. Егоян, сотрудников отделения психотерапии СПб ГБУЗ «Психоневрологический диспансер № 1» Т.Б. Ксюпова и К.С. Ражукас.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors represent the special thanks to staff members of St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Psychiatric hospital No. 2 named after P.P. Kashchenko: head of the 1st unit K.G. Semkin, head of the 3rd unit T.V. Malygin, head of the 4th unit L.G. Shapovalova, head of the 5th unit N.V. Egoyan, the staff members of St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Psychoneurological Dispensary No. 1” T.B. Ksupov and K.S. 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