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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-3-91-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1174</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ ЭЭГ покоя при шизофрении: от снижения альфа-ритма до оценки микросостояний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Resting State EEG Analysis for Schizophrenia: from Alpha-Rhythm Reduction to Microstates Assessment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-7180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Андреевич Федотов, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра психиатрии</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Fedotov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyafdtv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7803-3388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шустов</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shustov</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Иванович Шустов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой, кафедра психиатрии</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitri I. Shustov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Psychiatry</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitri_shustov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федотов И.А., Шустов Д.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федотов И.А., Шустов Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedotov I.A., Shustov D.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1174">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1174</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: в связи с разработкой в последние годы новых технологий анализа ЭЭГ появилось много новых работ в этой области, в том числе исследующих параметры ЭЭГ при шизофрении. Цель обзора: изучить данные современных исследований о возможностях оценки записи ЭЭГ покоя для диагностики и прогнозирования течения шизофрении. Материал и методы: отбор публикаций проводился в базах eLibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar и CNKI с использованием ключевых слов: «психоз», «шизофрения», «ЭЭГ», «состояние покоя». Методологически работа представляет собой описательный (нарративный) обзор литературы. Для анализа было отобрано 33 источника. Обсуждение и заключение: по имеющимся к настоящему времени данным, качественная и количественная оценка ЭЭГ покоя не может использоваться для инструментальной диагностики шизофрении, так как регистрируемое при этом чаще всего увеличение доли медленноволновой активности наблюдается при различных психических расстройствах. При этом некоторые количественные спектральные оценки ЭЭГ покоя могут быть использованы для определения прогноза негативного ответа на терапию антипсихотиками, а также для объективной оценки динамики состояния. Оценки мощности медленных ритмов ЭЭГ покоя и другие методы анализа связанности различных нейронных сетей можно рассматривать как способы выявления потенциальных маркеров наличия специфического эндофенотипа. Современные цифровые технологии, включая алгоритмы машинного обучения и искусственного интеллекта, позволяют за счет использования сложных математических моделей производить дифференциацию ЭЭГ покоя больных шизофренией и здоровых лиц с точностью, чувствительностью и специфичностью более 95%. Оценка микросостояний ЭЭГ дает возможность судить о функционировании крупных нейронных ансамблей и может стать одним из способов характеристики эндофенотипа шизофрении.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: due to the emergence of new technologies for analyzing of EEG signal, many new researches in this field have appeared in recent years, including those investigating EEG parameters of schizophrenia. The aim: this publication provides an overview of actual studies on the possibilities of using the assessment of resting state EEG recordings in the diagnostics and prognosis of schizophrenia course. Material and methods: publications were selected in eLibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar and CNKI databases using the keywords: “psychosis”, “schizophrenia”, “EEG”, “resting state”. Methodologically, the atricle is a narrative literature review. Thirty-three sources were selected for analysis. Discussion and conclusion: according to the data available to present date qualitive and quantitative assessment of resting EEGs cannot be used for the instrumental diagnosis of schizophrenia because the most commonly detected increase in the proportion of slow-wave activity is seen in a several disorders. However, some quantitative spectral estimates of resting state EEG could be used to identify poor prognosis response to antipsychotic therapy, as well as for objective assessment of the dynamics of the mental state. Estimation of the power of slow resting EEG rhythms and other methods of assessing the connectivity of different neural networks could be considered as potential markers of the presence of a specific endophenotype. Modern digital technologies, including machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms, make it possible to identify resting EEG of the schizophrenic patients from healthy controls with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity more than 95%. EEG microstates assessment, which can be used to assess the functioning of large neuronal ensembles, are one of the methods for detecting the endophenotype of schizophrenia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ покоя</kwd><kwd>микросостояние ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>психоз</kwd><kwd>эндофенотип</kwd><kwd>ультравысокий риск психоза</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>resting state EEG</kwd><kwd>microstates</kwd><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>psychosis</kwd><kwd>endophenotype</kwd><kwd>ultra-high risk of psychosis</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кичук ИВ, Соловьева НВ, Макарова ЕВ, Митрофанов АА, Лусникова ИВ, Русалова МН, Чаусова СВ. Возможности компьютерного анализа ЭЭГ для диагностики шизофрении. 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