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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2024-22-5-107-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция взглядов на детскую шизофрению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Evolution of Views on Childhood Schizophrenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-8843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryunov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Горюнов, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел детской психиатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr V. Goryunov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Department of child psychiatry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sasha.gor@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Mental Health Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горюнов А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горюнов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goryunov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1254">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1254</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: разработка концепции детской шизофрении имеет более чем вековую историю, но еще далека от завершения в связи со значительными различиями в диагностических подходах. Цель: проанализировать эволюцию взглядов на шизофрению у детей от донозологического периода до настоящего времени с акцентом на основные направления и противоречия в изучении этого заболевания. Материалы и методы: по имеющимся в литературе источникам, в том числе с применением поиска по сочетаниям ключевых слов «детская шизофрения», «рано начавшаяся шизофрения», «шизофрения», «аутизм» по базам данных Medline/PubMed, Scopus и РИНЦ, составлен нарративный обзор научных публикаций. Заключение: после периода признания большинством психиатров единой сущности шизофрении для детского и взрослого возраста в рамках концепции раннего слабоумия со специфическими клиническими проявлениями в разные возрастные периоды происходит расхождение взглядов исследователей. Формируются два направления в изучении детской шизофрении, различающиеся по подходам к диагностике и трактовке заболевания у детей. В настоящее время продолжается дискуссия о единстве шизофрении при многообразии ее клинических проявлений в разные возрастные периоды. Накопление результатов исследований, показавших сходство клинических проявлений, генетических изменений, биологических параметров и семейной отягощенности при шизофрении, шизотипическом расстройстве и некоторых формах аутистических расстройств, создают предпосылки для рассмотрения этих заболеваний в рамках этиологического континуума. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: the development of views on childhood schizophrenia has more than a century of history, but is still far from complete, due to significant differences in diagnostic approaches. Objective: to analyze the evolution of views on schizophrenia in children from the prenosological stage to the present, with an emphasis on the main directions and contradictions in the study of this disease. Materials and Methods: a narrative review made up the sources available in the literature, using the combinations of keywords “childhood schizophrenia”, “early onset schizophrenia”, “schizophrenia”, “autism” in the databases Medline/PubMed, Scopus and RSCI. Conclusion: after the period of the unified essence of schizophrenia for childhood and adulthood recognition by most psychiatrists, within the framework of the concept of early dementia with specific clinical manifestations, there is a divergence of views at different age periods. Two directions in the study of childhood schizophrenia are being formed, differing in approaches to the diagnosis and interpretation of the disease in children. Currently, there is a debate about the unity of schizophrenia with a variety of its clinical manifestations in different age periods. The accumulation of research results showing the similarity of clinical manifestations, genetic changes, biological parameters and family burden in schizophrenia, schizotypal and some forms of autistic disorders create prerequisites for considering these diseases within the framework of an etiological continuum.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история психиатрии</kwd><kwd>детская шизофрения</kwd><kwd>рано начавшаяся шизофрения</kwd><kwd>детский возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of psychiatry</kwd><kwd>childhood schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>early onset schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>childhood</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greding K.W. Greding J.E. Sämmtliche medizinische Schriften. Altenburg, 1781</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greding K.W. Greding J.E. Sämmtliche medizinische Schriften. 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