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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2025-23-2-87-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ когнитивных и межполушарных особенностей билингвов в норме и при неврологических заболеваниях с психическими расстройствами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of Cognitive and Interhemispheric Features in Normal Bilinguals and in Patients with Neurological Diseases and Mental Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-136X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Языков</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yazykov</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Геннадьевич Языков, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории интегративной антропологии и генетической нейропсихологии, ОНК «Институт образования и гуманитарных наук», Балтийский федеральный университет им. И. Канта, Калининград, Россия; кафедра генетической и клинической психологии, Томский государственный университет</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin G. Yazykov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of laboratory, Laboratory of integrative anthropology and genetic neuropsychology, Institute of education and humanitarian sciences, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University; Department of genetic and clinical psychology, Tomsk State University</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yazk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-9094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Реверчук</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reverchuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Васильевич Реверчук, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет, Самарканд, Узбекистан; заведующий кафедрой психиатрии и нейронаук, Балтийский федеральный университет им. И. Канта, руководитель АНО ДПО «Биоинститут охраны соматопсихического здоровья»</p><p>Самарканд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Reverchuk, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Head of BioInstitute of somatopsychic health care</p><p>Samarkand</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor7272igor@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7546-2857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаценко</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Statsenko</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филипп Александрович Стаценко, ассистент, Высшая школа образования и психологии</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Filipp A. Statsenko, assistant, Higher School of Education and Psychology</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fstatsenko@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-217X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Главатских</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glavatskikh</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марианна Михайловна Главатских, кандидат психологических наук, доцент, Высшая школа образования и психологии</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marianna M. Glavatskikh, Cand. Sci. (Psychol.), Assistant professor, Higher School of Education and Psychology</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gl.Marianna@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Томский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tomsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Samarkand State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Языков К.Г., Реверчук И.В., Стаценко Ф.А., Главатских М.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Языков К.Г., Реверчук И.В., Стаценко Ф.А., Главатских М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yazykov K.G., Reverchuk I.V., Statsenko F.A., Glavatskikh M.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1350">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1350</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: взаимосвязь между эффективностью билингвизма, межполушарным взаимодействием и показателями когнитивной сферы мало изучена. Цель: эмпирически оценить совокупность факторов билингвизма в рамках «когнитивно-билатеральной модели» и определить статистические характеристики эмпирических переменных модели в зависимости от степени освоения второго/нескольких языков («эффективность билингвизма», согласно критерию Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR, Общеевропейские компетенции владения иностранным языком)). Участники и методы: у 21 здорового человека определяли профиль латеральной организации; ведущую руку. Интенсивность межполушарного взаимодействия оценивали с помощью определения предельного угла сохранности стереопсиса. Нейрокогнитивные методы включали тесты «Компас», «Ханойская башня». Результаты: показаны различия профиля латеральной организации и ведущей руки в тесте Аннет между группами CEFR ниже А2 и выше А2, В2. Получены корреляции между показателями профиля латеральной организации и ведущей рукой в тесте Аннет (r = 0,34), баллами в задаче «Компас» (r = 0,33), количеством ходов в решении задачи «Ханойская башня» (r = −0,45) и интенсивностью межполушарного взаимодействия после когнитивной нагрузки (r = −0,38). В многомерной задаче определены дискриминирующие параметры модели, характеризующие когнитивно-психологические особенности, показатель латеральной организации и интенсивность межполушарного взаимодействия для зависимой переменной «эффективность билингвизма». Показана дискриминирующая функция с переменными когнитивных тестов «Компас» и «Ханойская башня» с наибольшим вкладом показателя профиля латеральной организации и ведущей руки. Классификация, основанная на различии между центроидами групп, составила более 90%. Вывод: обоснована эффективность исследования билингвизма в рамках предложенной когнитивно-билатеральной модели в норме и в перспективе при психических и неврологических нарушениях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: the relationship between the effectiveness of bilingualism, interhemispheric interaction and the cognitive sphere poorly understood. The aim was to assess combination factor of bilingualism in frame of “cognitive-lateral model” and to determine statistical characteristics of empiric parameters depending of bilingualism. Participants and Methods: 21 healthy persons were examined. Neurocognitive methods included the Compass and Tower of Hanoi tests. The profile of the lateral organization and the leading arm were determined. The intensity of interhemispheric interaction was assessed by determining the maximum angle of preservation of stereopsis. The set of factors of bilingualism was empirically assessed within the framework of the “cognitive-bilateral model”. The statistical characteristics of the empirical variables of the model are determined depending on the degree of mastery of a second/several languages. Results: correlations were obtained between the indicators of the lateral organization profile and the leading hand in the Annette test (r = 0.34), scores in the “Compass” task (r = 0.33), and the number of moves in solving the “Tower of Hanoi” problem (r = −0.45) and the intensity of interhemispheric interaction after cognitive load (r = −0.38). Using discriminant analysis, the discriminatory parameters of the model were determined, characterizing cognitive psychological characteristics, an indicator of lateral organization and the intensity of interhemispheric interaction in relation to the “effectiveness of bilingualism”. The discriminatory function included variables from the “Compass” and “Tower of Hanoi” cognitive tests with the greatest contribution from the lateral organization and leading hand profile indicators Classification based on the difference between group centroids was more than 90%. Conclusions: effectiveness of bilingualism study based on cognitive-lateral model could be perspective in studying of psychiatric and neurological pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>билингвизм</kwd><kwd>межполушарное взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>функциональная асимметрия</kwd><kwd>когнитивные тесты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bilingualism</kwd><kwd>interhemispheric interaction</kwd><kwd>functional asymmetry</kwd><kwd>cognitive tests</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kroll J., Stewart E. 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