Background: Migraine is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches, while dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative condition leading to cognitive decline. Recent studies indicate that these conditions may share common underlying mechanisms, such as vascular dysfunction, Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and structural brain changes, all of which could contribute to cognitive impairment. The aim was to explore the potential connection between migraine, particularly migraine with aura, and an augmented risk of dementia. Material and Methods: the keywords Migraine, Dementia, Vascular Dysfunction, Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, Cognitive Decline are used to search for articles in the PubMed and others databases for the period from 2000 to 2024. Conclusions: studies on the general population indicate that those who suffer from migraines, particularly those who have aura, may be more susceptible to dementia, including vascular and Alzheimer’s diseases. However, the results are inconclusive, and further research is needed to understand this potential link. Shared mechanisms like endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress provide evidence of a connection between migraine and dementia. This potential link has significant clinical implications. Patients with a history of migraine should have their mental health closely watched by medical professionals, especially if they experience frequent auras or chronic migraines. Addressing vascular risk factors, improving migraine management, and informing patients about potential risks can help reduce the likelihood of developing dementia. Future investigations should focus on longitudinal studies to track the progression of migraine and dementia, mechanistic studies to understand the underlying pathways, genetic studies to identify shared susceptibility, and clinical trials to evaluate interventions aimed at reducing dementia risk in individuals with migraines. Public health initiatives aimed at raising awareness and promoting early intervention are crucial in influencing the prevalence of dementia in individuals with migraines.