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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2025-23-6-16-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-1474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетические ассоциации выраженности психопатологических симптомов у пациентов с шизофренией с наличием депрессивных проявлений и без них</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic Associations of the Severity of Psychopathological Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia with and without Depressive Symptoms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-141X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гашкаримов</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gashkarimov</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Римович Гашкаримов, заведующий отделением</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim R. Gashkarimov, Head of unit</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gashkarimov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7519-436X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакиров</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakirov</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Линар Рифкатович Бакиров, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра психиатрии, наркологии и психотерапии</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Linar R. Bakirov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Psychotherapy</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Blr.ufa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-3996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадретдинов</surname><given-names>У. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badretdinov</surname><given-names>U. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Урал Гумерович Бадретдинов, заведующий отделением</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ural G. Badretdinov, Head of unit</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Soul_clinic_ufa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0155-7132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галлямова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galliamova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алия Дамировна Галлямова, врач-психиатр</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aliia D. Galliamova, Psychiatrist</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gallyamova_doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-8541</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лада Алексеевна Селина, ассистент кафедры, кафедра психологического сопровождения и клинической психологии</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lada A. Selina, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Support and Clinical Psychology</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lada.selina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7148-4485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асадуллин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asadullin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азат Раилевич Асадуллин, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра психиатрии, наркологии и психотерапии</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Azat R. Asadullin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Psychotherapy</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">droar@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Республики Башкортостан Республиканская клиническая психиатрическая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ВО «Уфимский университет науки и технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гашкаримов В.Р., Бакиров Л.Р., Бадретдинов У.Г., Галлямова А.Д., Селина Л.А., Асадуллин А.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гашкаримов В.Р., Бакиров Л.Р., Бадретдинов У.Г., Галлямова А.Д., Селина Л.А., Асадуллин А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gashkarimov V.R., Bakirov L.R., Badretdinov U.G., Galliamova A.D., Selina L.A., Asadullin A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1474">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1474</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: депрессивные симптомы часто составляют одно из клинических проявлений шизофрении, изменяя выраженность и восприятие основных клинических признаков заболевания. Степень выраженности психопатологических симптомов оказывает влияние на течение и развитие шизофрении. Генетические исследования выявили частичное перекрытие генетического риска между шизофренией и депрессивными расстройствами. Цель исследования: изучить генетические ассоциации выраженности позитивных и негативных симптомов шизофрении у пациентов с депрессивными проявлениями и без них. Пациенты и методы: проведено сравнительное кросс-секционное исследование пациентов с диагнозом шизофрении. В исследование были включены 390 пациентов, из которых 124 (31,8%) имели признаки депрессивного расстройства. Участники исследования относились к одной из трех этнических групп: русские, башкиры, татары. Оценка депрессивных проявлений проводилась с помощью Шкалы депрессии Калгари для больных шизофренией (The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, CDSS). Для оценки выраженности психопатологических симптомов использовалась Шкала оценки позитивных и негативных синдромов (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS). Для определения генетических ассоциаций были выбраны следующие гены и полиморфизмы: MTNR1A rs34532313, MTNR1B rs10830963, CLOCK rs 1801260, HTR2A rs6313, PER2 rs934945, eNOS rs1549758, eNOS rs1799983. Анализ данных проводился с помощью непараметрических статистических методов: критерия Манна–Уитни, t-теста Стьюдента, χ2-критерия Пирсона. Результаты: у пациентов с депрессивными проявлениями носительство минорного аллеля полиморфизма MTNR1A rs34532313 ассоциировалось с меньшей выраженностью симптомов P4, N7; полиморфизма HTR2A rs6313 — с меньшей выраженностью P4; полиморфизма PER2 rs934945 — с меньшей выраженностью P7 по Шкале PANSS. В группе пациентов без значимых депрессивных проявлений была обнаружена ассоциация между носительством минорного аллеля MTNR1A rs34532313 и большей выраженностью симптомов Р6. Выводы: депрессивные проявления у пациентов с шизофренией могут модифицировать ассоциации между полиморфными вариантами генов и выраженностью отдельных психопатологических симптомов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: depressive symptoms often accompany schizophrenia, changing the severity and perception of its main clinical manifestations. The severity of psychopathological symptoms affects the course and development of the disease. Genetic studies have revealed a partial overlap of genetic risk between schizophrenia and depressive disorders. Objective: to find out whether the genetic associations of the severity of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia differ in patients with and without depressive symptoms. Patients and Methods: a comparative cross-sectional study of patients with schizophrenia was conducted. The study participants belonged to one of three ethnic groups: Russians, Bashkirs, and Tatars. The study included 390 patients, of whom 124 (31.8%) had signs of depressive disorder. The assessment of depressive symptoms was carried out using the CDSS scale. The PANSS scale was used to assess the severity of psychopathological symptoms. The following polymorphisms were selected to determine the genetic associations: MTNR1A rs34532313, MTNR1B rs10830963, CLOCK rs 1801260, HTR2A rs6313, PER2 rs934945, eNOS rs1549758, eNOS rs1799983. The data was analyzed using nonparametric statistical methods: the Mann–Whitney test, the Student's t-test, and the Pearson χ2 test. Results: in patients with depressive symptoms, the carriage of the minor allele of polymorphism MTNR1A rs34532313 was associated with a lower severity of symptoms P4, N7; polymorphism HTR2A rs6313 — with a lower severity of P4; polymorphism PER2 rs934945 — with a lower severity of P7 of PANSS. In the group of patients without significant depressive manifestations, an association was found between the carriage of the minor MTNR1A allele rs34532313 and a greater severity of the P6 symptom. Conclusions: depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia can modify associations between polymorphic gene variants and the severity of individual psychopathological symptoms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетические ассоциации</kwd><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>позитивные симптомы</kwd><kwd>негативные симптомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic associations</kwd><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>positive symptoms</kwd><kwd>negative symptoms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pelizza L, Leuci E, Quattrone E, Paulillo G, Azzali S, Pupo S, Pellegrini P. 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