psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2026-24-1-35-44psychiatry-1508Research ArticleПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯPSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRYЛептин и адипонектин у пациентов с депрессией: клинико-биохимические взаимосвязиLeptin and Adiponectin in Patients with Depression: Clinical and Biochemical Interrelationshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-5368КасьяноваА. А.KasyanovaA. A.

Анастасия Александровна Касьянова, младший научный сотрудник, аспирант кафедры психиатрии и наркологии, Медицинский институт

Санкт-Петербург

Anastasia A. Kasyanova, Junior Researcher, Postgraduate student, Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Medical Institute

St. Petersburg

aa.kasyanova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-8314-1326СарыковаА. С.SarykovaA. S.

Анастасия Сергеевна Сарыкова, лаборант-исследователь, Медицинский институт

Санкт-Петербург

Anastasia S. Sarykova, Lab Researcher, Medical Institute

St. Petersburg

anastasia.sarykova@yandex.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6318-7536ЛиманкинО. В.LimankinO. V.

Олег Васильевич Лиманкин, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный врач, старший научный сотрудник, Медицинский институт

Санкт-Петербург

Oleg V. Limankin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Physician, Senior Researcher, Medical Institute

St. Petersburg

limankin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6208ПетроваН. Н.PetrovaN. N.

Наталия Николаевна Петрова, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии, Медицинский институт

Санкт-Петербург

Nataliia N. Petrova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Medical Institute

St. Petersburg

petrova_nn@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»РоссияSt. Petersburg UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; СПб ГБУЗ «Больница им. П.П. Кащенко»; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияSt. Petersburg University; P.P. Kashchenko St. Petersburg Psychiatric Hospital No. 1; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. MechnikovRussian Federation2026210320262413544Copyright © Касьянова А.А., Сарыкова А.С., Лиманкин О.В., Петрова Н.Н., 20262026Касьянова А.А., Сарыкова А.С., Лиманкин О.В., Петрова Н.Н.Kasyanova A.A., Sarykova A.S., Limankin O.V., Petrova N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/1508

Обоснование: лептин и адипонектин, которые обладают нейротрофическими и иммуномодулирующими свойствами, рассматривают в качестве потенциальных звеньев между метаболическими нарушениями и расстройствами настроения. Однако данные об их уровне при депрессии остаются противоречивыми. Цель исследования: изучение связи уровня лептина и адипонектина с клиническими характеристиками рекуррентной и биполярной депрессии. Пациенты, группа контроля и методы: в кросс-секционном исследовании, проведенном на базе СПб ГБУЗ «Больница им. П.П. Кащенко» г. Санкт-Петербурга, участвовали 50 пациентов с депрессивным эпизодом (ДЭ) при расстройствах настроения и 35 лиц без психических расстройств. Использована шкала Монтгомери–Асберг для оценки депрессии. Уровень лептина и адипонектина в сыворотке крови определяли методом иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты: пациенты с расстройствами настроения с текущим ДЭ не отличались от здорового контроля по уровню лептина, но имели значимо более низкий уровень адипонектина. При прямом сравнении пациенты с текущим ДЭ при биполярной и рекуррентной депрессии не различались по уровню гормонов. У женщин с текущим ДЭ регистрировали более высокие уровни лептина и адипонектина по сравнению с мужчинами. В группе здорового контроля значимых различий между мужчинами и женщинами по уровню гормонов не выявлено. Уровень лептина был положительно связан с индексом массы тела и у пациентов с депрессией, и у лиц из группы здорового контроля. Уровень гормонов не был связан с возрастом дебюта аффективного расстройства, тяжестью депрессии, продолжительностью заболевания и текущего ДЭ. Выводы: выявлено снижение уровня адипонектина у пациентов с текущим ДЭ при расстройствах настроения, в то время как уровень лептина оставался неизменным. Наблюдаемые эффекты были независимы от нозологии и клинических характеристик депрессии, но различались у пациентов мужского и женского пола. Снижение уровня адипонектина ассоциировано с ДЭ при расстройствах настроения независимо от нозологии, в то время как уровень лептина в большей степени определяется физиологическими факторами. В будущих исследованиях необходимо учитывать половые особенности при изучении взаимосвязи между расстройствами настроения и метаболическими нарушениями.

Background: leptin and adiponectin, having neurotrophic and immunomodulatory properties, are considered as potential links between metabolic disorders and mood disorders. However, data on their levels in depression remain contradictory. The aim was to study the relationship of leptin and adiponectin levels with the clinical characteristics of recurrent and bipolar depression. Patients, Participants and Methods: in a cross-sectional study conducted on the basis of the St. Petersburg State Medical Institution P.P. Kashchenko Hospital. St. Petersburg, 50 patients with a depressive episode (DE) with mood disorders and 35 participants without mental disorders participated. The Montgomery-Asberg scale was used to assess depression. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results: patients with mood disorders with current DE did not differ from healthy controls in terms of leptin level, but had significantly lower level of adiponectin. In direct comparison, patients with current DE with bipolar and recurrent depression did not differ in hormone levels. Women with current DE had higher levels of leptin and adiponectin compared to men. In the healthy control group, there were no significant differences between men and women in hormone levels. Leptin levels in patients and healthy controls were positively associated with body mass index. Hormone levels were not associated with the age of onset of the disorder, the severity of depression, the duration of the disease and the current DE. Conclusions: a decrease of adiponectin level was revealed in patients with current DE in mood disorders, while the level of leptin remained unchanged. The observed effects were independent of the nosology and clinical characteristics of depression, but were modulated by the patient's gender. It is necessary to take into account gender characteristics when studying the relationship between mood disorders and metabolic disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.