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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2016-72-33-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИИ, КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПСИХИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейродегенеративные изменения сетчатки при болезни Альцгеймера, синдроме мягкого когнитивного снижения и глаукоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопян</surname><given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">akopyan_vs@yahoo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sigavrilova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Наталия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">semenovans@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Яна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">yfedorova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rina.gurova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Факультет фундаментальной медицины Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>72</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акопян В.С., Гаврилова С.И., Семенова Н.С., Федорова Я.Б., Гурова Е.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акопян В.С., Гаврилова С.И., Семенова Н.С., Федорова Я.Б., Гурова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Акопян В.С., Гаврилова С.И., Семенова Н.С., Федорова Я.Б., Гурова Е.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/234">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/234</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: изучить отличительные черты глаукомной оптической нейропатии и поражения зрительного нерва и сетчатки при когнитивных нарушениях, связанных с болезнью Альцгеймера (БА).Материал и методы: в исследовании приняли участие 34 пациента с ранней периметрической глаукомой, 12 пациентов с БА, 13 пациентов с синдромом мягкого когнитивного снижения амнестического типа (а-МКС) и 19 здоровых добровольцев. Проведено комплексное психопатологическое и психометрическое обследование, а также стандартное офтальмологическое обследование, статическая периметрия и оптическая когерентная томография (ОКТ) макулярной и перипапиллярной областей. В рамках ОКТ изучены средняя толщина комплекса ганглиозных клеток (КГК), объем глобальной потери ганглиозного комплекса, объем фокальной потери ганглиозного комплекса, толщина перипапиллярного слоя нервных волокон (ПСНВ).Результаты: при попарном сравнении обнаружено статистически значимое отличие групп пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями от группы нормы по параметру объема глобальной потери ганглиозного комплекса. Средняя толщина КГК статистически значимо ниже в группе пациентов с БА, чем в группе нормы. Установлено, что группа пациентов с глаукомой отличалась от нормы по всем исследуемым параметрам ОКТ. Построены характеристические кривые для определения значимости толщины ПСНВ и объема фокальной потери КГК в диагностике глаукомы, объема глобальной потери КГК в диагностике БА. Продемонстрирована высокая диагностическая значимость исследованных параметров.Заключение: показано, что увеличение индекса объема глобальной потери КГК характерно для пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера, а фокальные потери ганглиозных клеток - для пациентов, страдающих глаукомой. Это может быть свидетельством того, что нейродегенерация ганглиозных клеток имеет диффузный характер при болезни Альцгеймера, а дефекты ганглиозных клеток, вызванные глаукомой, имеют очаговый характер.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to investigate the distinguishing features of glaucomatous optic neuropathy and damage of optic nerve and retina in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods: 34 patients with early perimetric glaucoma, 12 AD patients, 13 patients with aMCI and 19 healthy volunteers under- went comprehensive psychiatric survey and ophthalmic examinations, static perimetry, macular and peripapillary optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ganglion cell complex (GCC) protocol, specifically global loss volume (GLV), focal loss volume (FLV), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured.Results: AD and aMCI patients have higher in comparison with norm group GLV index. Average GCC thickness is lower in AD group. There is no significant difference in RNFL between AD and control group. Glaucoma group differ from the norm in all stud- ied parameters of OCT. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed for RNFL, FLV (glaucoma diagnosis) and GLV (AD diagnosis). Areas under the curves show good capability of these parameters.Conclusions: GLV index increases in patients with Alzheimer's disease. FLV index enlargement characterizes glaucomatous optic neuropathy. So ganglion cells neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease is diffuse, while defects of ganglion cells in glaucoma are focal.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>глаукома</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd><kwd>комплекс ганглиозных клеток</kwd><kwd>перипапиллярный слой нервных волокон</kwd><kwd>синдром мягкого когнитивного снижения</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>mild cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>glaucoma</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>ganglion cells complex</kwd><kwd>retinal nerve fiber layer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thies W., Bleiler L. Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(2):208-244. DOI:10.1016/j. jalz.2011.02.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thies W., Bleiler L. Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. 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