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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2017-76-27-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИИ, КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПСИХИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексное катамнестическое клинико-психологическое исследование когнитивных особенностей психической деятельности у родственников первой степени родства пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comprehensive follow-up clinical and psychological study of cognitive features of mental activity in relatives of the first degree of relationship of patients with Alzheimer's disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селезнева</surname><given-names>Наталья Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selezneva</surname><given-names>Natalia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела гериатрической психиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD, Dr Sc, leading researcher, geriatric psychiatry department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощина</surname><given-names>Ирина Федоровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchina</surname><given-names>Irina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат психологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела гериатрической психиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, candidate of psychological sciences, leading researcher, geriatric psychiatry department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ifroshchina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья», Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre», Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья», Москва; МГППУ, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre», Moscow; MSUPE, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>76</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Селезнева Н.Д., Рощина И.Ф., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селезнева Н.Д., Рощина И.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Selezneva N., Roshchina I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/292">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/292</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы: определить клинико-психологические особенности когнитивной сферы психической деятельности, прогностически значимые для появления и/или ухудшения когнитивного дефицита у родственников 1-й степени родства пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера (БА) на основе четырехлетней клинико-психологической катамнестической оценки. Материал: когорта из 236 родственников 1-й степени родства пациентов с БА. Методы: клинико-психопатологический, клинико-катамнестический, нейропсихологический и психометрический, статистический. Результаты: за период четырехлетнего катамнеза число родственников 1-й степени родства пациентов с БА с когнитивным ухудшением возросло вдвое: с 22,5 до 44,9%. Из них частота синдрома MCI увеличилась с 4,7 до 11,9%. Установлены возможные факторы риска нарушения и ухудшения когнитивного функционирования: 1) регистрируемое при объективном обследовании когнитивное ухудшение (ослабление концентрации внимания, трудности усвоения новой информации и припоминания событий отдаленного прошлого); 2) ретроспективные данные о наличии когнитивных конституциональных особенностей (низкий уровень успеваемости в школе, трудности запоминания цифровой информации, пространственной ориентировки, усвоения мануальных навыков, снижение концентрации внимания, наличие более трех видов конституциональной недостаточности); 3) нейропсихологические параметры когнитивных функций (низкие показатели кинетической и пространственной организации праксиса, дефицитарность конструктивной деятельности, дефицит кратковременной слухоречевой и зрительной памяти по параметрам объема запоминания и тормозимости следов, снижение нейродинамики и произвольного внимания и контроля). Вывод: полученные данные могут быть положены в основу коррекционно-реабилитационных мероприятий, направленных на профилактику нарушения и/или ухудшения когнитивных функций у лиц с наиболее высоким риском развития БА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to determine the clinical and psychological characteristics of the cognitive sphere of mental activity, prognostically signifcant for the appearance and/or deterioration of cognitive defcits in relatives of 1st degree of relationship of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) on the basis of a 4-year clinical and psychological follow-up evaluation. Material: cohort of 236 relatives of the 1st degree of relationship of patients with AD. Methods: clinical-psychopathological, clinical-catamnestic, neuropsychological and psychometric, statistical. Results: over the period of 4-year catamnesis, the number of relatives of the frst degree of relationship of patients with AD with cognitive impairment doubled: from 22,5 to 44,9%. Of these, the incidence of MCI syndrome increased from 4,7 to 11,9%. Possible risk factors for the appearance and/or deterioration of cognitive functioning are established: 1) cognitive impairment (impaired concentration, difculties in learning new information and remembering events of the distant past), revealed by objective examination; 2) retrospective data on the presence of cognitive constitutional features (low school performance, difculties in remembering digital information, spatial orientation, mastering manual skills, reducing concentration, the presence of more than 3 types of constitutional defciency); 3) neuropsychological parameters of cognitive functions (low parameters of kinetic and spatial organization of praxis, defciency of constructive activity, shortage of short-term auditory-speech and visual memory in terms of parameters of the volume of memorization and retention of traces, reduction of neurodynamics and voluntary attention and control). The obtained data can be used as the basis for corrective and rehabilitation measures aimed at preventing the appearance and/or deterioration of cognitive functions in individuals with the highest risk of developing AD.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера (БА)</kwd><kwd>родственники 1-й степени родства пациентов с БА</kwd><kwd>катамнез</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>клинико-психопатологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>нейропсихологическое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>relatives of the frst degree of relationship of patients with AD</kwd><kwd>follow-up</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>clinical and psychopathological research</kwd><kwd>neuropsychological study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова С.И., Калын Я.Б. 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