psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2017-76-77-88psychiatry-298Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSПатология олигодендроглии и когнитивные расстройства при шизофренииPathology of oligodendroglia and cognitive impairment in schizophreniaУрановаНаталия АлександровнаUranovaNatalya

доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией клиническойнейроморфологии

PhD, MD, head of the laboratory of clinical neuromorphology

uranovan@mail.ruФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья», МоскваРоссияFSBSI MHRC, MoscowRussian Federation2017281220170767788Copyright © Уранова Н.А., 20172017Уранова Н.А.Uranova N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/298

Цель обзора: представить новые литературные данные об участии олигодендроцитов и миелина в когнитивной дисфункции при шизофрении. Материал и метод: систематический обзор литературы. Результаты: настоящий обзор посвящен роли олигодендроцитов и миелина в когнитивных функциях мозга, патологии олигодендроцитов и миелина в мозге при шизофрении, связи нарушений олигодендроцитов и миелина с когнитивной дисфункцией у больных шизофренией и влиянию лечения на олигодендроциты и когнитивные нарушения. Важное значение нарушений структуры и функций олигодендроцитов и миелинизации мозга в патогенезе когнитивных расстройств при шизофрении подтверждены результатами нейровизуализационных, генетических, биохимических и морфометрических исследований мозга больных шизофренией. Заключение: стимуляция олигодендроглиогенеза и миелиногенеза в коре больших полушарий может стать новой стратегией в лечении когнитивных расстройств у больных шизофренией.

Aim of the study: to present a review on the role of oligodendrocytes and myelin in cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Material and method: systematic review of the literature data. Results: the present review focuses on the role of oligodendrocytes and myelin in cognitive functions, pathology of oligodendrocytes and myelin in the brain in schizophrenia, association between oligodendrocytes/myelin disturbances and cognitive dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia and the effects of treatment on oligodendrocytes and cognitive impairment. The notion that oligodendrocytes and myelin pathology contributes to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia is supported by the results of neuroimaging, genetic, biochemical and morphometric studies of the brain in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion: stimulation of oligodendrogliogenesis and myelinogenesis in the cerebral cortex can be a new treatment strategy for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.