psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»2618-6667-2018-77-60-85psychiatry-318Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSЛобно-височная деменцияFrontotemporal dementiaФедороваЯна БорисовнаFedorovaYana

кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник

PhD, MD, candidate of medical sciences, senior researcher

yfedorova@yandex.ruФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья», МоскваРоссияFSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre», MoscowRussian Federation2018311020181776085Copyright © Федорова Я.Б., 20182018Федорова Я.Б.Fedorova Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/318

Цель работы: представить анализ современных научных публикаций по проблеме лобно-височной деменции (ЛВД). Материал и методы: по ключевым словам «лобно-височная деменция», «лобно-височная лобарная дегенерация» в научных базах PubMed, MEDLINE и других отобраны и проанализированы публикации за последние два десятилетия. Результаты: к настоящему времени в наиболее разработанном виде в литературе представлены феноменология и диагностические критерии основных типов ЛВД. Прогресс в распознавании заболевания, его отдельных типов основан на результатах изучения диагностической значимости современных методов нейровизуализации. ЛВД признается одной из ведущих причин раннего начала деменции, однако распространенность ЛВД в популяции старших возрастных групп изучена недостаточно. Успехи молекулярно-генетических исследований ЛВД определяют направления дальнейшего изучения патогенеза заболевания и совершенствования его систематики. Обоснована перспективность изучения отдельных факторов риска и их комбинаций в качестве актуальной задачи дальнейших клинических и популяционных исследований. Рассмотрены результаты симптоматической терапии с применением мемантина для лечения деменции и СИОЗС для коррекции поведенческих расстройств. Вывод: совершенствование систематики ЛВД и достижения нейронаук создают перспективы разработки эффективных методов симптоматической психофармакотерапии (мемантин, СИОЗС) и нозомодифицирующего терапевтического вмешательства с применением генных технологий.

The aim of work was to present the analysis of current scientifc publications devoted to the problem of frontotemporal dementia. Material and methods: according to the key words «frontotemporal dementia» and «frontotemporal lobar degeneration» publications over the last two decades were chosen and analyzed in PubMed, MEDLINE, and other scientifc bases. Results: at present the phenomenology and diagnostic criteria of the basic types of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are presented in the literature in the most developed form. The progress in recognition of the disease and its separate types is based on the results of investigation of modern neuroimaging methods diagnostic signifcance. FTD is considered to be one of the leading reasons for early onset of dementia, however, the prevalence of FTD in the population of senior age groups has been studied insufciently. Achievements of molecular-genetic FTD studies determine directions of further research of the pathogeny of the disease and perfection of its systematics. Prospectivity of investigation of separate risk factors and their combinations as an important task of further clinical and population studies was substantiated. The results of symptomatic therapy with application of memantin for the treatment of dementia as well as SSRI for correction of behavioral disorders were considered. Conclusion: the perfection of FTD systematics and the achievements of neurosciences create the prospects of the development of effective methods of symptomatic pharmacotherapy (memantin, SSRI) and nosomodifcating therapeutic intervention with application of gene technologies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.