psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2019-81-69-81psychiatry-392Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSПсихические расстройства при легочной гипертензииMental disorders in pulmonary hypertensionСамушияМ. А.SamushiyaM. A.

Самушия Марина Антиповна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор

Marina A. Samushiya, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), professor

sma-psychiatry@mail.ruРожковаЮ. И.RozhkovaYu. I.

Рожкова Юлия Игоревна

yuliarozhkova92@gmail.comФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской ФедерацииРоссияCentral State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential AffairsRussian Federation2019301020190816981Copyright © Самушия М.А., Рожкова Ю.И., 20192019Самушия М.А., Рожкова Ю.И.Samushiya M.A., Rozhkova Y.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/392Цель работы

Цель работы: представить анализ современных публикаций по проблеме психических расстройств и конституционально- личностных особенностей пациентов с легочной гипертензией.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы: по ключевым словам «легочная гипертензия», «легочная артериальная гипертензия» в научных базах PubMed, MEDLINE и других проведен отбор и анализ публикаций за последние два десятилетия.

Результаты

Результаты: в настоящее время известно, что легочная гипертензия — тяжелое патологическое состояние, которое характеризуется прогрессирующим повышением легочного сосудистого сопротивления, что приводит к осложнениям, угрожающим жизни. Легочная гипертензия является мультидисциплинарной проблемой. Неуклонное нарастание выраженности основных симптомов сердечно-сосудистого заболевания приводит к значительным ограничениям в физической активности, ухудшению качества жизни, манифестации психопатологических нарушений. В настоящем обзоре приведен анализ имеющихся в литературе данных по распространенности и спектру психических расстройств у пациентов с разными формами легочной гипертензии, а также результаты исследований, направленных на изучение конституционально-личностных особенностей пациентов с легочной гипертензией, способы реагирования на болезнь и формирование определенных типов внутренней картины болезни.

Вывод

Вывод: в наиболее разработанном виде в литературе представлена общая распространенность тревожных и депрессив-ных расстройств, однако недостаточно освещены вопросы психопатологической структуры расстройств, конституционально- личностного предрасположения, формирования внутренней картины болезни при легочной гипертензии.

The aim of work

The aim of work: to present the analysis of modern scientific publications on the issue of mental disorders and constitutional-personality characteristics of patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Material and methods

Material and methods: according to the key words «pulmonary hypertension», «pulmonary arterial hypertension» publications over the past two decades were selected and analyzed in the scientific bases PubMed, MEDLINE and others resource.

Results

Results: to date, it is known that pulmonary hypertension is a severe pathological condition which is characterized by a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance and leading to life-threatening complications. Pulmonary hypertension is a multidisciplinary problem. The steady increase in the severity of the main symptoms results in decreased physical activity, quality of life and socio-psychological disorders manifestation. This review carries out the literature data about prevalence and spectrum of mental disorders in dif ferent groups of pulmonar y hyper tension patients. In addition, there were analyzed researches aimed to study constitutional-personality characteristics, coping styles and forming certain types of internal picture of disease.

Conclusion

Conclusion: the general prevalence of anxious and depressive disorders are presented in the literature in the most developed form, however, the issues of the psychopathological structure of disorders, the constitutional-personality predisposition, the formation of the internal picture of the disease in pulmonary hypertension are not covered adequately.

легочная гипертензияпсихические расстройствакачество жизниличностьотношение к болезнpulmonary hypertensionmental disordersquality of lifepersonalityattitude towards the diseaseReferencesSimonneau G., Robbins I.M., Beghetti M., Channick R.N., Delcroix M., Denton C.P., Elliott C.G., Gaine S.P., Gladwin M.T., Jing Z., Krowka M.J., Langleben D., Nakanishi N., Souza R. Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009;54:43–54. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.04.012Simonneau G., Robbins I.M., Beghetti M., Channick R.N., Delcroix M., Denton C.P., Elliott C.G., Gaine S.P., Gladwin M.T., Jing Z., Krowka M.J., Langleben D., Nakanishi N., Souza R. Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009;54:43–54. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.04.012Galiè N., Humbert M., Vachiery J., Gibbs S., Lang I., Torbicki A., Simonneau G., Peacock A., Noordegraaf A., Beghetti A., Ghofrani A., Gomez Sanchez M., Hansmann G., Klepetko W., Lancellotti P., Matucci M., McDonagh T., Pierard L., Trindade P., Zompatori M., Hoeper M. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur. Heart J. 2016;37(1):67–119. https://DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv317Galiè N., Humbert M., Vachiery J., Gibbs S., Lang I., Torbicki A., Simonneau G., Peacock A., Noordegraaf A., Beghetti A., Ghofrani A., Gomez Sanchez M., Hansmann G., Klepetko W., Lancellotti P., Matucci M., McDonagh T., Pierard L., Trindade P., Zompatori M., Hoeper M. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur. Heart J. 2016;37(1):67–119. https://DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv317Galiè N., Manes A., Negro L., Palazzini M., Bacchi-Reggiani M.L., Branzi A. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur. Heart J. 2009;30(4):394–403. https://DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp022Galiè N., Manes A., Negro L., Palazzini M., Bacchi-Reggiani M.L., Branzi A. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur. Heart J. 2009;30(4):394–403. https://DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp022Barst R.J. Pulmonary hypertension: past, present and future. Annals of Thoracic Medicine. 2008;3(1):1–4. https://DOI:10.4103/1817-1737.37832Barst R.J. Pulmonary hypertension: past, present and future. Annals of Thoracic Medicine. 2008;3(1):1–4. https://DOI:10.4103/1817-1737.37832Shafazand S., Goldstein M.K., Doyle R.L., Hlatky M.A., Gould M.K. Health-related quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest. 2004;126(5):1452–1459. https://DOI:10.1378/chest.126.5.1452Shafazand S., Goldstein M.K., Doyle R.L., Hlatky M.A., Gould M.K. Health-related quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest. 2004;126(5):1452–1459. https://DOI:10.1378/chest.126.5.1452Taichman D.B., Shin J., Hud L., Archer-Chicko C., Kaplan S., Sager J.S., Gallop R., Christie J., Hansen-Flaschen J., Palevsky H. Health-related quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respiratory Research.2005; 6:92–102. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-6-92Taichman D.B., Shin J., Hud L., Archer-Chicko C., Kaplan S., Sager J.S., Gallop R., Christie J., Hansen-Flaschen J., Palevsky H. Health-related quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respiratory Research. 2005; 6:92–102. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-6-92White J., Hopkins R.O., Glissmeyer E.W., Kitterman N., Elliott C.G. Cognitive, emotional, and quality of life outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respiratory Research. 2006;7:55. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-7-55White J., Hopkins R.O., Glissmeyer E.W., Kitterman N., Elliott C.G. Cognitive, emotional, and quality of life outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respiratory Research.2006;7:55. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-7-55Looper K.J., Pierre A., Dunkley D.M., Sigal J.J., Langleben D. Depressive symptoms in relation to physical functioning in pulmonary hypertension. J. Psychosomat. Res. 2009;66(3):221–225. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.09.014Looper K.J., Pierre A., Dunkley D.M., Sigal J.J., Langleben D. Depressive symptoms in relation to physical functioning in pulmonary hypertension. J. Psychosomat. Res. 2009;66(3):221–225. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.09.014Löwe B., Gräfe K., Ufer C., Kroenke K., Grünig E., Herzog W., Borst M.M. Anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2004;66(6):831–836. https://DOI:10.1097/01.psy.0000145593.37594.39Löwe B., Gräfe K., Ufer C., Kroenke K., Grünig E., Herzog W., Borst M.M. Anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2004;66(6):831–836. https://DOI:10.1097/01.psy.0000145593.37594.39Somaini G., Hasler E.D., Saxer S., Huber L.C., Lichtblau M., Speich R., Bloch K.E., Ulrich S. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Pulmonary Hypertension and Changes during Therapy. Respiration. 2016;91(5):359–366. https://DOI:10.1159/000445805Somaini G., Hasler E.D., Saxer S., Huber L.C., Lichtblau M., Speich R., Bloch K.E., Ulrich S. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Pulmonary Hypertension and Changes during Therapy. Respiration. 2016;91(5):359–366. https://DOI:10.1159/000445805Larisch A., Neeb C., Zwaan M. de, Pabst C., Tiede H., Ghofrani A., Olsson K., Hoeper M., Kruse J. Psychische Belastung und Psychosomatischer Behandlungswunsch von Patienten mit Pulmonaler Hypertonie. Psychotherap. Psychosomat. Med. Psychologie. 2014;64(9–10):384–389. https://DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1377013Larisch A., Neeb C., Zwaan M. de, Pabst C., Tiede H., Ghofrani A., Olsson K., Hoeper M., Kruse J. Psychische Belastung und Psychosomatischer Behandlungswunsch von Patienten mit Pulmonaler Hypertonie. Psychotherap. Psychosomat. Med. Psychologie. 2014;64(9–10):384–389. https://DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1377013Harzheim D., Klose H., Pinado F.P., Ehlken N., Nagel C., Fischer C., Ghofrani A., Rosenkranz S., Seyfarth H., Halank M., Mayer E., Grünig E., Guth S. Anxiety and depression disorders in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory Research. 2013;14:104. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-14-104Harzheim D., Klose H., Pinado F.P., Ehlken N., Nagel C., Fischer C., Ghofrani A., Rosenkranz S., Seyfarth H., Halank M., Mayer E., Grünig E., Guth S. Anxiety and depression disorders in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Respiratory Research.2013;14:104. https://DOI:10.1186/1465-9921-14-104Halimi L., Marin G., Molinari N., Gamez A.-S., Boissin C., Suehs Carey М., Vachier I., Bourdin A. Impact of psychological factors on the health-related quality of life of patients treated for pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Psychosomat. Res. 2018;105:45–51. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.12.003Halimi L., Marin G., Molinari N., Gamez A.-S., Boissin C., Suehs Carey М., Vachier I., Bourdin A. Impact of psychological factors on the health-related quality of life of patients treated for pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Psychosomat. Res. 2018;105:45–51. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.12.003Tartavoulle T.M. A predictive model of the effects of depression, anxiety, stress, 6-minute-walk distance, and social support on health-related quality of life in an adult pulmonary hypertension population. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 2015;29(1):22–28. https://DOI:10.1097/NUR.0000000000000099Tartavoulle T.M. A predictive model of the effects of depression, anxiety, stress, 6-minute-walk distance, and social support on health-related quality of life in an adult pulmonary hypertension population. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 2015;29(1):22–28. https://DOI:10.1097/NUR.0000000000000099Yorke J., Deaton C., Campbell M., McGowen L., Sephton P., Kiely D.G., Armstrong I. Symptom severity and its effect on health-related quality of life over time in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a multisite longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open Resp. Res. 2018;5(1):e000263. https://DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000263Yorke J., Deaton C., Campbell M., McGowen L., Sephton P., Kiely D.G., Armstrong I. Symptom severity and its effect on health-related quality of life over time in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a multisite longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open Resp. Res. 2018;5(1):e000263. https://DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000263McCollister D.H., Beutz M., McLaughlin V., Rumsfeld J., Masoudi F.A., Tripputi M., Yaeger T., Weintraub P., Badesch D.B. Depressive Symptoms in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prevalence and Association With Functional Status. Psychosomatics. 2010;51(4):339–339. https://DOI:10.1016/S0033-3182(10)70706-4McCollister D.H., Beutz M., McLaughlin V., Rumsfeld J., Ma-soudi F.A., Tripputi M., Yaeger T., Weintraub P., Badesch D.B. Depressive Symptoms in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prevalence and Association With Functional Status. Psycho-somatics. 2010;51(4):339–339. https://DOI:10.1016/S0033-3182(10)70706-4Vanhoof J.M.M., Delcroix M., Vandevelde E., Denhaerynck K., Wuyts W., Belge C., Dobbels F. Emotional symptoms and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Heart Lung Transplantation. 2014;33(8):800–808. https://DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.003Vanhoof J.M.M., Delcroix M., Vandevelde E., Denhaerynck K., Wuyts W., Belge C., Dobbels F. Emotional symptoms and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Heart Lung Transplantation. 2014;33(8):800–808. https://DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.003Von Visger T.T., Kuntz K.K., Phillips G.S., Yildiz V.O., Sood N. Quality of life and psychological symptoms in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(2):115–121. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.12.004Von Visger T.T., Kuntz K.K., Phillips G.S., Yildiz V.O., Sood N. Quality of life and psychological symptoms in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(2):115–121. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.12.004Humbert M., Sitbon O., Chaouat A., Bertocchi M., Habib G., Gressin V., Yaici A., Weitzenblum E., Cordier J., Chabot F., Dromer C., Pison C., Reynaud-Gaubert M., Haloun A., Laurent M., Hachulla E., Simonneau G. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry. Am. J. Resp. Crit Care Med. 2006;173(9):1023–1030. https://DOI:10.1164/rccm.200510-1668OCHumbert M., Sitbon O., Chaouat A., Bertocchi M., Habib G., Gressin V., Yaici A., Weitzenblum E., Cordier J., Chabot F., Dromer C., Pison C., Reynaud-Gaubert M., Haloun A., Laurent M., Hachulla E., Simonneau G. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry. Am. J. Resp. Crit Care Med. 2006;173(9):1023–1030. https://DOI:10.1164/rccm.200510-1668OCMukerjee D., St George D., Coleiro B., Knight C., Denton C.P., Davar J., Black C.M., Coghlan J.G. Prevalence and outcome in systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: application of a registry approach. Ann. Rheumat. Dis. 2003;62(11):1088–1093. https://DOI:10.1136/ard.62.11.1088Mukerjee D., St George D., Coleiro B., Knight C., Denton C.P., Davar J., Black C.M., Coghlan J.G. Prevalence and outcome in systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: application of a registry approach. Ann. Rheumat. Dis.2003;62(11):1088–1093. https://DOI:10.1136/ard.62.11.1088MacGregor A.J. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: Risk factors for progression and consequences for survival. Rheumatology. 2001;40(4):453–459. https://DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/40.4.453MacGregor A.J. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: Risk factors for progression and consequences for survival. Rheumatology. 2001;40(4):453–459. https://DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/40.4.453Stupi A.M., Steen V.D., Owens G.R., Barnes E.L., Rodnan G.P., Medsger T.A. Pulmonary hypertension in the CREST syndrome variant of systemic sclerosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1986;29(4):515–524. https://DOI:10.1002/art.1780290409Stupi A.M., Steen V.D., Owens G.R., Barnes E.L., Rodnan G.P., Medsger T.A. Pulmonary hypertension in the CREST syndrome variant of systemic sclerosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism.1986;29(4):515–524. https://DOI:10.1002/art.1780290409Koh E. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: An analysis of 17 patients. Rheumatology. 1996;35(10):989–993. https://DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/35.10.989Koh E. Pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis: An analysis of 17 patients. Rheumatology. 1996;35(10):989–993. https://DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/35.10.989Аронов П.В., Старовойтова М.Н., Ковалевская О.Б., Серавина О.Ф., Вельтищев Д.Ю. Стресс и депрессия у больных системной склеродермией (обзор зарубежной литературы). Психические расстройства в общей медицине. 2009;4:17–19.Aronov P.V., Starovojtova M.N., Kovalevskaya O.B., Seravina O.F., Vel’tishchev D.Yu. Stress i depressiya u bol’nyh sistemnoj sklerodermiej (obzor zarubezhnoj literatury). Psihicheskie rasstrojstva v obshchej medicine. 2009;4:17–19. (In Russ.).Mozzetta A., Antinone V., Alfani S., Neri P., Foglio Bonda P.G., Pasquini P., Puddu P., Picardi A. Mental health in patients with systemic sclerosis: a controlled investigation. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2008;22(3):336–340. https://DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02426.xMozzetta A., Antinone V., Alfani S., Neri P., Foglio Bonda P.G., Pasquini P., Puddu P., Picardi A. Mental health in patients with systemic sclerosis: a controlled investigation. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2008;22(3):336–340. https://DOI:10.1111 /j.1468-3083.2007.02426.xThombs B.D., Hudson M., Taillefer S.S., Baron M. Prevalence and clinical correlates of symptoms of depression in patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism.2008;59(4):504–509. https://DOI:10.1002/art.23524Thombs B.D., Hudson M., Taillefer S.S., Baron M. Prevalence and clinical correlates of symptoms of depression in patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2008;59(4):504–509. https://DOI:10.1002/art.23524Vanhoof J.M.M., Delcroix M., Vandevelde E., Denhaerynck K., Wuyts W., Belge C., Dobbels F. Emotional symptoms and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Heart Lung Transplantation. 2014;33(8):800–808. https://DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.003Vanhoof J.M.M., Delcroix M., Vandevelde E., Denhaerynck K., Wuyts W., Belge C., Dobbels F. Emotional symptoms and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J. Heart Lung Transplantation. 2014;33(8):800–808. https://DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.003Von Visger T.T., Kuntz K.K., Phillips G.S., Yildiz V.O., Sood N. Quality of life and psychological symptoms in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(2):115–121. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.12.004Von Visger T.T., Kuntz K.K., Phillips G.S., Yildiz V.O., Sood N. Quality of life and psychological symptoms in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Heart & Lung. 2018;47(2):115–121. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2017.12.004Humbert M., Sitbon O., Chaouat A., Bertocchi M., Habib G., Gressin V., Yaici A., Weitzenblum E., Cordier J., Chabot F., Dromer C., Pison C., Reynaud-Gaubert M., Haloun A., Laurent M., Hachulla E., Simonneau G. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2006;173(9):1023–1030. https://DOI:10.1164/rccm.200510-1668OCHumbert M., Sitbon O., Chaouat A., Bertocchi M., Habib G., Gressin V., Yaici A., Weitzenblum E., Cordier J., Chabot F., Dromer C., Pison C., Reynaud-Gaubert M., Haloun A., Laurent M., Hachulla E., Simonneau G. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France: Results from a national registry. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2006;173(9):1023–1030. https://DOI:10.1164/rccm.200510-1668OCСулейманова Г.П., Рамкхелавон М.Б. Психосоматические соотношения при системной склеродермии. Фундаментальные исследования. 2013;(7–2):407–411.Sulejmanova G.P., Ramkkhelavon M.B. Psihosomaticheskie sootnosheniya pri sistemnoj sklerodermii. Fundamental’nye issledovaniya. 2013;(7–2):407–411. (In Russ.).Angelopoulos N.V., Drosos A.A., Moutsopoulos H.M. Psychiatric symptoms associated with scleroderma. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2001;70(3):145–150. https://DOI:10.1159/000056240Angelopoulos N.V., Drosos A.A., Moutsopoulos H.M. Psychiatric symptoms associated with scleroderma. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2001;70(3):145–150. https://DOI:10.1159/000056240Benrud-Larson L.M., Heinberg L.J., Boling C., Reed J., White B., Wigley F.M., Haythornthwaite J.A. Body image dissatisfaction among women with scleroderma: Extent and relationship to psychosocial function. Health Psychology.2003;22(2):130–139. https://DOI:10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.130Benrud-Larson L.M., Heinberg L.J., Boling C., Reed J., White B., Wigley F.M., Haythornthwaite J.A. Body image dissatisfaction among women with scleroderma: Extent and relationship to psychosocial function. Health Psychology. 2003;22(2):130–139. https://DOI:10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.130Thombs B.D., Taillefer S.S., Hudson M., Baron M. Depression in patients with systemic sclerosis: a systematic review of the evidence. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2007;57(6):1089–1097. https://DOI:10.1002/art.22910Thombs B.D., Taillefer S.S., Hudson M., Baron M. Depression in patients with systemic sclerosis: a systematic review of the evidence. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2007;57(6):1089–1097. https://DOI:10.1002/art.22910Roca R.P., Wigley F.M., White B. Depressive symptoms associated with scleroderma. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 1996;39(6):1035–1040. https://DOI:10.1002/art.1780390623Roca R.P., Wigley F.M., White B. Depressive symptoms associated with scleroderma. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 1996;39(6):1035–1040. https://DOI:10.1002/art.1780390623Silva A.M., Vaz C., Areias M.E.G., Vieira D., Proença C., Viana V., Moura C., Areias J.C. Quality of life of patients with congenital heart diseases. Cardiology in the Young. 2011;21(6):670–676. https://DOI:10.1017/S 1 0 47 9 51111 0 0 0 57 6Silva A.M., Vaz C., Areias M.E.G., Vieira D., Proença C., Viana V., Moura C., Areias J.C. Quality of life of patients with congenital heart diseases. Cardiology in the Young. 2011;21(6):670–676. https://DOI:10.1017/S1047951111 0 0 0 57 6Müller J., Hess J., Hager A. Minor symptoms of depression in patients with congenital heart disease have a larger impact on quality of life than limited exercise capacity. Int. J. Cardiol. 2012;154(3):265–269. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.09.029Müller J., Hess J., Hager A. Minor symptoms of depression in patients with congenital heart disease have a larger impact on quality of life than limited exercise capacity. Int. J. Cardiol.2012;154(3):265–269. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.09.029Amedro P., Basquin A., Gressin V., Clerson P., Jais X., Thambo J., Guerin P., Cohen S., Bonnet D. Health-related quality of life of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with CHD: the multicentre cross-sectional ACHILLE study. Cardiology in the Young. 2016;26(7):1250–1259. https://DOI:10.1017/S1047951116000056Amedro P., Basquin A., Gressin V., Clerson P., Jais X., Thambo J., Guerin P., Cohen S., Bonnet D. Health-related quality of life of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with CHD: the multicentre cross-sectional ACHILLE study. Cardiology in the Young. 2016;26(7):1250–1259. https://DOI:10.1017/S1047951116000056Алёхин А.Н., Андреева Е.В., Гончарова Н.С., Моисеева О.М., Трифонова Е.А. Качество жизни и отношение к болезни пациентов с тяжелыми формами хронической сердечной недостаточности (на примере легочной артериальной гипертензии и синдрома Эйзенменгера). В кн.: Будущее клинической психологии 2012. Материалы VI Всероссийской научно-практической заочной конференции. Под ред. Левченко Е.В., Деменевой А.Е. Пермь: ПГНИУ; 2012:24–38.Alyohin A.N., Andreeva Е.V., Goncharova N.S., Moiseeva O.M., Trifonova Е.A. Kachestvo zhizni i otnoshenie k bolezni pacientov s tyazhelymi formami hronicheskoj serdechnoj nedostatochnosti (na primere legochnoj arterial’noj gipertenzii i sindroma Ejzenmengera). V kn.: Budushchee klinicheskoj psihologii 2012. Materialy VI Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj zaochnoj konferencii. Pod red. Levchenko Е.V., Demenevoj A.Е. Perm’: PGNIU; 2012:24–38. (In Russ.).Horner T., Liberthson R., Jellinek M.S. Psychosocial profile of adults with complex congenital heart disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2000;75(1):31–36. https://DOI:10.4065/75.1.31Horner T., Liberthson R., Jellinek M.S. Psychosocial profile of adults with complex congenital heart disease. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2000;75(1):31–36. https://DOI:10.4065/75.1.31Westhoff-Bleck M., Briest J., Fraccarollo D., Hilfiker-Kleiner D., Winter L., Maske U., Busch M.A., Bleich S., Bauersachs J., Kahl K.G. Mental disorders in adults with congenital heart disease: Unmet needs and impact on quality of life. J. Affect. Dis. 2016;204:180–186. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.047Westhoff-Bleck M., Briest J., Fraccarollo D., Hilfiker-Klein-er D., Winter L., Maske U., Busch M.A., Bleich S., Bauersachs J., Kahl K.G. Mental disorders in adults with congenital heart dis-ease: Unmet needs and impact on quality of life. J. Affect. Dis.2016;204:180–186. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.047Bang J.S., Jo S., Kim G.B., Kwon B.S., Bae E.J., Noh C.I., Choi J.Y. The mental health and quality of life of adult patients with congenital heart disease. Int. J. Cardiol. 2013;170(1):49–53. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.10.003Bang J.S., Jo S., Kim G.B., Kwon B.S., Bae E.J., Noh C.I., Choi J.Y. The mental health and quality of life of adult patients with congenital heart disease. Int. J. Cardiol. 2013;170(1):49–53. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.10.003Kovacs A.H., Saidi A.S., Kuhl E.A., Sears S.F., Silversides C., Harrison J.L., Ong L., Colman J., Oechslin E., Nolan R.P. Depression and anxiety in adult congenital heart disease predictors and prevalence. Int. J. Cardiol. 2009;137(2):158–164. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.06.042Kovacs A.H., Saidi A.S., Kuhl E.A., Sears S.F., Silversides C., Harrison J.L., Ong L., Colman J., Oechslin E., Nolan R.P. Depression and anxiety in adult congenital heart disease predictors and prevalence. Int. J. Cardiol. 2009;137(2):158–164. https://DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.06.042Wang Q., Hay M., Clarke D., Menahem S. The prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in adolescents with heart disease. J. Pediatr. 2012;161(5):943–946. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.010Wang Q., Hay M., Clarke D., Menahem S. The prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in adolescents with heart disease. J. Pediatr. 2012;161(5):943–946. https://DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.010Bromberg J.I., Beasley P.J., D’Angelo E.J., Landzberg M., DeMaso D.R. Depression and anxiety in adults with congenital heart disease: a pilot study. Heart & Lung. 2003;32:105–110. https://DOI:10.1067/mhl.2003.26Bromberg J.I., Beasley P.J., D’Angelo E.J., Landzberg M., DeMaso D.R. Depression and anxiety in adults with congenital heart disease: a pilot study. Heart & Lung. 2003;32:105–110. https://DOI:10.1067/mhl.2003.26O’Donovan C.E., Painter L., Lowe B., Robinson H., Broadbent E. The impact of illness perceptions and disease severity on quality of life in congenital heart disease. Cardiology in the Young. 2016;26(1):100–109. https://DOI:10.1017/S1047951114002728O’Donovan C.E., Painter L., Lowe B., Robinson H., Broadbent E. The impact of illness perceptions and disease severity on quality of life in congenital heart disease. Cardiology in the Young.2016;26(1):100–109. https://DOI:10.1017/S1047951114002728Awaad M.I., Darahim K.E. Depression and anxiety in adolescents with congenital heart disease. Middle East Current Psychiatry 2015;22(1):2–8. https://DOI.org/10.1097/01.XME.0000457325.90630.4fAwaad M.I., Darahim K.E. Depression and anxiety in adolescents with congenital heart disease. Middle East Current Psychiatry 2015;22(1):2–8. https://DOI.org/10.1097/01.XME.0000457325.90630.4fAguirre-Camacho A., Moreno-Jiménez B. Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: The Role of Life Satisfaction and Optimism. Psychosomatics. 2018. https://DOI:10.1016/j.psym.2018.04.002Aguirre-Camacho A., Moreno-Jiménez B. Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: The Role of Life Satisfaction and Optimism. Psychosomatics. 2018. https://DOI:10.1016/j.psym.2018.04.002Pfeuffer E., Krannich H., Halank M., Wilkens H., Kolb P., Jany B., Held M. Anxiety, Depression, and Health-Related QOL in Patients Diagnosed with PAH or CTEPH. Lung.2017;195(6):759–768. https://DOI:10.1007/s00408-017-0052-zPfeuffer E., Krannich H., Halank M., Wilkens H., Kolb P., Jany B., Held M. Anxiety, Depression, and Health-Related QOL in Patients Diagnosed with PAH or CTEPH. Lung. 2017;195(6):759–768. https://DOI:10.1007/s00408-017-0052-zFunabashi S., Kataoka M., Inami T., Kikuchi T., Yanagisawa R., Ishiguro C., Okamoto S., Yoshino H., Watanabe K., Satoh T. Depressive Status in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation J. 2017;81:1051–1053. https://DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0197Funabashi S., Kataoka M., Inami T., Kikuchi T., Yanagisawa R., Ishiguro C., Okamoto S., Yoshino H., Watanabe K., Satoh T. Depressive Status in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation J. 2017;81:1051–1053. https://DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0197Рохлин Л.Л. «Сознание болезни» и его значение в клинической практике. Клиническая медицина.1957;35(9):11–21.Rohlin L.L. «Soznanie bolezni» i ego znachenie v klinicheskoj praktike. Klinicheskaya medicina. 1957; 35(9):11–21. (In Russ.).Pieringer W. Psychosomatische und somatopsychische Aspekte der progressiv chronischen Polyarthritis. Wien Klin. Wochenschr. 1978;(94):17–20.Pieringer W. Psychosomatische und somatopsychische Aspekte der progressiv chronischen Polyarthritis. Wien Klin. Wochenschr. 1978;(94):17–20.Смулевич А.Б. Расстройства личности. Траектория в пространстве психической и соматической патологии.М.: Медицинское информационное агентство; 2012.Smulevich A.B. Rasstrojstva lichnosti. Traektoriya v prostranstve psihicheskoj i somaticheskoj patologii. M.: Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo; 2012. (In Russ.).Wryobeck J.M., Lippo G., McLaughlin V., Riba M., Rubenfire M. Psychosocial aspects of pulmonary hypertension: a review. Psychosomatics. 2007;48(6):467–475. https://DOI:10.1176/appi.psy.48.6.467Wryobeck J.M., Lippo G., McLaughlin V., Riba M., Rubenfire M. Psychosocial aspects of pulmonary hypertension: a review. Psychosomatics. 2007;48(6):467–475. https://DOI:10.1176/appi.psy.48.6.467Kingman M., Hinzmann B., Sweet O., Vachiéry J. Living with pulmonary hypertension: unique insights from an interna-tional ethnographic study. BMJ Open. 2014;4(5):e004735. https://DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004735Kingman M., Hinzmann B., Sweet O., Vachiéry J. Living with pulmonary hypertension: unique insights from an international ethnographic study. BMJ Open. 2014;4(5):e004735. https://DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004735Gihl A.F. Health-related quality of life in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension.2010;8(4):215–222, 55.Gihl A.F. Health-related quality of life in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension.2010;8(4):215–222, 55.Guillevin L., Armstrong I., Aldrighetti R., Howard L.S., Ry-ftenius H., Fischer A., Lombardi S., Studer S., Ferrari P. Under-standing the impact of pulmonary arterial hypertension on patients’ and carers’ lives. Eur. Resp. Rev. 2013;22(130):535–542. https://DOI:10.1183/09059180.00005713Guillevin L., Armstrong I., Aldrighetti R., Howard L.S., Ryftenius H., Fischer A., Lombardi S., Studer S., Ferrari P. Understanding the impact of pulmonary arterial hypertension on patients’ and carers’ lives. Eur. Resp. Rev. 2013;22(130):535–542. https://DOI:10.1183/09059180.00005713Flattery M.P., Pinson J.M., Savage L., Salyer J. Living with pulmonary artery hypertension: patients’ experiences. Heart & Lung. 2005;34(2):99–107. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2004.06.010Flattery M.P., Pinson J.M., Savage L., Salyer J. Living with pulmonary artery hypertension: patients’ experiences. Heart & Lung. 2005;34(2):99–107. https://DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2004.06.010Лурия Р.А. Внутренняя картина болезни и ятрогенные заболевания. 4-е изд. М.: Медицина; 1977.Luriya R.A. Vnutrennyaya kartina bolezni i yatrogennye zabolevaniya. 4-e izd. M.: Medicina; 1977. (In Russ.).Вассерман Л.И., Иовлев Б.В., Карпова Э.Б., Вукс А.Я. Пси-хологическая диагностика отношения к болезни: посо-бие для врачей. СПб.: НИПНИ им. В.М. Бехтерева; 2005.Vasserman L.I., Iovlev B.V., Karpova E.B., Vuks A.Ya. Psihologicheskaya diagnostika otnosheniya k bolezni: posobie dlya vrachej. SPb.: NIPNI im. V.M. Bekhtereva; 2005. (In Russ.).Алёхин А.Н., Чумакова И.О., Андреева Е.В., Трифонова Е.А. Клинические факторы психической адаптации пациентов с сердечно-сосудистой патологией (на примере легочной артериальной гипертензии и фибрилляции предсердий). Вестник Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Серия: Психология. 2012;6(265):66–72.Alyohin A.N., Chumakova I.O., Andreeva Е.V., Trifonova Е.A. Klinicheskie faktory psihicheskoj adaptacii pacientov s serdechno–sosudistoj patologiej (na primere legochnoj arterial’noj gipertenzii i fibrillyacii predserdij). Vestnik YUzhno-Ural’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Psihologiya.2012;6(265):66–72. (In Russ.).Андреева Е.В. Психологическая адаптация к болезни в клинической динамике легочной артериальной гипертензии у женщин. Известия РГПУ им. А.И. Герцена.2012:159–164.Andreeva Е.V. Psihologicheskaya adaptaciya k bolezni v klinicheskoj dinamike legochnoj arterial’noj gipertenzii u zhenshchin. Izvestiya RGPU im. A.I. Gercena. 2012:159–164. (In Russ.).Martens E.J., Mols F., Burg M.M., Denollet J. Type D personality predicts clinical events after myocardial infarction, above and beyond disease severity and depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2010;71(6):778–783. https://DOI:10.1136/10.4088/JCP.08m04765Martens E.J., Mols F., Burg M.M., Denollet J. Type D personality predicts clinical events after myocardial infarction, above and beyond disease severity and depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2010;71(6):778–783. https://DOI:10.1136/10.4088/JCP.08m04765bluSchoormans D., Mulder B.J., van Melle J.P., Pieper E.G., van Dijk A.P., Sieswerda G.T., Hulsbergen-Zwarts M.S., Plokker T.H., Brunninkhuis L.G., Vliegen H.W., Sprangers M.A. Patients with a congenital heart defect and type D personality feel functionally more impaired, report a poorer health status and quality of life, but use less healthcare. Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 2012;11(3):349–355. DOI:10.1177/1474515112437828Schoormans D., Mulder B.J., van Melle J.P., Pieper E.G., van Dijk A.P., Sieswerda G.T., Hulsbergen-Zwarts M.S., Plokker T.H., Brunninkhuis L.G., Vliegen H.W., Sprangers M.A. Patients with a congenital heart defect and type D personality feel functionally more impaired, report a poorer health status and quality of life, but use less healthcare. Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 2012;11(3):349–355. DOI:10.1177/1474515112437828Горбатова М.Л. Патохарактерологические особенности инвалидов молодого возраста с врожденным пороком сердца. Психологические исследования в практике врачебно-трудовой экспертизы и социально-трудовой реабилитации: Сборник научных трудов. М.; 1989.Gorbatova M.L. Patoharakterologicheskie osobennosti invalidov molodogo vozrasta s vrozhdennym porokom serdca. Psihologicheskie issledovaniya v praktike vrachebno-trudovoj ekspertizy i social’no-trudovoj reabilitacii: Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.; 1989. (In Russ.).Дроздова И.В., Лысунец Е.М. Психологические особенности больных с оперированными врожденными аномалиями сердца. Международный медицинский журнал. 2010;16(3):6–11.Drozdova I.V., Lysunec Е.M. Psihologicheskie osobennosti bol’nyh s operirovannymi vrozhdennymi anomaliyami serdca. Mezhdunarodnyj medicinskij zhurnal. 2010;16(3):6–11. (In Russ.).Дроздова И.В., Лысунец Е.М., Мороз С.М. Личностные особенности больных с оперированными врожденными пороками сердца. Международный медицинский журнал. 2010;16(4):8–10.Drozdova I.V., Lysunec Е.M., Moroz S.M. Lichnostnye osobennosti bol’nyh s operirovannymi vrozhdennymi porokami serdca. Mezhdunarodnyj medicinskij zhurnal. 2010;16(4):8–10. (In Russ.).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.