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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2019-17-2-6-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-398</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИИ, КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПСИХИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические особенности биполярного аффективного расстройства у госпитализированных больных позднего возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Features of Bipolar Disorder in Elderly In-Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипилова</surname><given-names>Е. C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipilova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шипилова Елена Сергеевна, младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Shipilova, junior researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenium-r@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ  «Научный  центр  психического  здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI  «Mental  Health  Research  Centre»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шипилова Е.C., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шипилова Е.C.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shipilova E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/398">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/398</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: следствием старения населения стал рост численности пожилых больных, страдающих биполярным аффективным расстройством (БАР), как заболевших в первую половину жизни и доживших до позднего возраста, так и впервые заболевших в возрасте 60 лет и старше.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить особенности клинических проявлений и течения БАР в позднем возрасте.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: в исследование включена сплошная выборка больных в возрасте от 60 лет и старше (n = 146), госпитализированных в гериатрические отделения клиники ФГБНУ НЦПЗ в период 2014–2017 гг. с диагнозом БАР. В задачи исследования входил сравнительный анализ клинических проявлений и изучение течения БАР у больных позднего возраста в зависимости от возраста манифестации заболевания. В соответствии с целью и задачами исследования больные были разделены на три группы по возрасту манифестации БАР: 1) в возрасте до 49 лет; 2) в период инволюции (50–59 лет); 3) в возрасте 60 лет и старше. Все больные обследованы психопатологическим, клиническим и психометрическими методами (шкала Гамильтона для оценки депрессии, HAM-D; шкала Гамильтона для оценки тревоги, HARS; шкала мании Янга, YMRS; краткая шкала оценки психического статуса, MMSE; Монреальская шкала оценки когнитивных функций, MoCA).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: манифестация заболевания до 49 лет отмечалось у 92 больных (63%), в период инволюции (50–59 лет) — у 35 пациентов (24%), а позднее начало БАР (60 лет и старше) — у 19 больных (13%). Ранняя манифестация БАР оказалась более характерной для мужчин, в то время как начало заболевания в период инволюции — для женщин. БАР с поздним началом встречался с одинаковой частотой у женщин и мужчин. У большинства лиц с БАР заболевание манифестировало развитием депрессивного эпизода. По мере увеличения возраста манифестации БАР отмечалось учащение смешанных аффективных эпизодов в дебюте заболевания. Рассмотрены возрастные особенности аффективных фаз и течения заболевания в позднем возрасте, уровень когнитивного функционирования в период обследования, изучен преморбидный склад личности. При раннем начале БАР у больных отмечается более частое развитие аффективных эпизодов в позднем возрасте вплоть до развития континуальных форм течения и течения по типу «быстрого цикла», в то время как при поздней манифестации отмечено увеличение длительности аффективных эпизодов по сравнению с динамикой БАР с более ранней манифестацией. У больных с началом БАР в первую половину жизни в доманифестном периоде выявлено большее разнообразие личностных особенностей и их выраженности, чем у больных с поздней манифестацией БАР. Уровень когнитивного функционирования у обследованных больных в период ремиссии основного заболевания оставался в пределах возрастной нормы или не выходил за рамки легкого когнитивного снижения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: БАР может манифестировать в любом возрасте, в том числе и в возрасте 60 лет и старше. У большинства больных БАР заболевание начинается в первую половину жизни (до 50 лет). Независимо от возраста манифестации БАР, в позднем возрасте депрессии и мании приобретают так называемую «возрастную окраску» психопатологических и клинических проявлений. Наиболее значимы учащение смешанных аффективных состояний и тенденция к пролонгированию фаз.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: as a result of global population aging the amount of aged patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is gradually growing both with the disease onset in the first half of life and with disease onset after 60 years.</p><p>Aim of the study was to observe clinical features and course of BD in elderly.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: continuous sample of bipolar in-patients of geriatric clinical units of MHRC aged 60 and older (n = 146) in 2014–2017 were included to comparative study. According to the aim and tasks of the study the patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the age of BD onset: with early-onset BD (0–49 years), new onset in the involution period (50–59 years) and with late-onset BD (60 years and older). All of the patients were examined by psychopathological, clinical and psychometrical method (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale — HAM-D, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale — HARS, Young Mania Rating Scale — YMRS, Mini-Mental State Examination — MMSE and Montreal Cognitive Assessment — MoCA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: early-onset BD (0–49 years) occurred in 92 patients (63%), new-onset BD in involution period (50–59 years) — in 35 cases (24%), late-onset BD (60 years and older) — in 19 patients included to the study (13%). Early-onset BD was more common in men, while new onset in the involution period — in women. Late-onset BD occurred in men and women with equal frequency. In the majority of patients BD started with depressive episode. Mixed affective episodes showed to be more common as a first BD episode with the increase of disease onset age. Age features of clinical course of affective episodes, cognitive functioningand premorbid characteristics of enrolled patients were viewed and discussed in the study. Early-onset BD leads to more frequent affective episode formation in elderly up to rapid cycling forms, while late-onset BD leads to more prolonged clinical course of affective episodes in comparison with early-onset BD. Premorbid features occur more often in patients with disease onset in thefirst half of life than in patients with late-onset BD. Cognitive functioning of all observed patients stay under age norm during intermission.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: BD can have its onset at every age, even after 60 years, though in the majority of patients BD onsets before 50 years. Due to ageing, regardless to the age of disease onset depressions and manias in all elderly patients get age-related patterns, mixed affective states become more common.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биполярное аффективное расстройство</kwd><kwd>поздний возраст</kwd><kwd>биполярное аффективное расстройство с ранним началом</kwd><kwd>биполярное аффективное расстройство с поздним началом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bipolar disorder</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>early-onset bipolar disorder</kwd><kwd>late-onset bipolar disorder</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мосолов СН, Костюкова ЕГ, Ушкалова АВ. Клиника и терапия биполярной депрессии. М.: АМА-ПРЕСС, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosolov SN, Kostyukova EG, Ushkalova AV. Klinika i terapiya bipolyarnoj depressii. M.: AMA-PRESS, 2009. 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