<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2019-17-3-44-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-415</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИИ, КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПСИХИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полимеризация тубулина и его колхицинсвязывающая активность в различных структурах головного мозга в норме и при шизофрении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymerization of Tubulin and Its Colchicine Binding Activity in Various Brain Structures in Healthy and in Schizophrenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-533X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурбаева</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burbaeva</surname><given-names>G. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурбаева Гульнур Шингожиевна - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией нейрохимии.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnur Sh. Burbaeva - PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Chief of Neurochemistry Laboratory.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gburb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2433-8810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андросова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Androsova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андросова Любовь Васильевна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейроиммунологии.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lubov V. Androsova - PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">androsL@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5996-6606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савушкина</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savushkina</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савушкина Ольга Константиновна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейрохимии.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga K. Savushkina - PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Biohim.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Neurochemistry.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">osavushkina1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научный центр психического здоровья</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Mental Health Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурбаева Г.Ш., Андросова Л.В., Савушкина О.К., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурбаева Г.Ш., Андросова Л.В., Савушкина О.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burbaeva G.S., Androsova L.V., Savushkina O.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/415">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/415</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: нарушения цитоскелета нейронов при психических заболеваниях вызывают интерес к изучению микротрубочек и белков, входящих в их состав. Тубулин (основной белок микротрубочек) обладает специфическими свойствами: обратимо полимеризоваться в микротрубочки и связывать митотический яд колхицин в эквимолярных количествах.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить процесс полимеризации тубулина по изменению светорассеяния и определить уровень связывания колхицина в различных структурах головного мозга в норме и при шизофрении.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: исследованы аутопсийные образцы головного мозга больных шизофренией (п = 6) и контрольной группы (п = 9). Образцы префронтальной (поле 10), височной (поле 21), лимбической коры (поля 23/24) и таламуса выделены по картам Бродмана. Изменение светорассеяния и колхицинсвязывающую активность тубулина определяли, как описано ранее.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в исследуемых регионах мозга при шизофрении полимеризация тубулина в микротрубочки не нарушена, кроме лимбической коры, в которой выявлено незначительное, но достоверное снижение светорассеяния. В то же время связывание колхицина снижено при шизофрении во всех исследованных областях коры. Это снижение не зависело от возраста, пола, постмортального интервала. В таламусе колхицинсвязывающая активность не изменялась, но при этом она была ниже, чем в полях коры в контрольной группе и при шизофрении.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: при шизофрении выявлено снижение колхицинсвязывающей активности, и следовательно, и количества тубулина в исследуемых областях коры головного мозга, что может быть следствием патологического процесса, затрагивающего кору, но не подкорковые структуры мозга. Однако этот процесс не вызывал нарушения полимеризации тубулина в микротрубочки. Полученные результаты подтверждают данные литературы об изменении цитоскелета при шизофрении именно в этих полях коры.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: abnormalities of neuronal cytoskeleton in mental disorders require to study microtubules and their proteins. Tubulin (the main protein of microtubules) has specific properties: reversibly polymerize into microtubules and bind mitotic poison colchicine in equimolar quantities.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the process of tubulin polymerization by light scattering change and to determine the level of colchicine binding (colchicine binding activity of tubulin) in various brain structures in healthy and schizophrenia brains.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: autopsy brain samples from patients with schizophrenia (n = 6) and from the control group (n = 9) were studied. Samples of the prefrontal (area 10), temporal (area 21), cingulate cortex (area 23/24) and thalamus were isolated (Brodmann's areas). Measurements of light scattering during tubulin polymerization and colchicine-binding activity of tubulin were determined as described earlier.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: tubulin polymerization was not disturbed in schizophrenia as compared to controls, except for the cingulate cortex that showed slight but significant decrease in light scattering. At the same time, the binding of colchicine in schizophrenia was reduced in all examined areas of the cortex. This decrease was not associated with age, sex, and postmortem interval since the groups were matched by these factors. The tubulin colchicine-binding activity in thalamus remained at the same level both in control and schizophrenia, but it was lower than in the areas of the cortex.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Decreased activity and hence decreased amount of tubulin in the cerebral cortical areas without changes of the tubulin polymerization in microtubules have been shown in schizophrenia. The results confirm the literature data on the changes in the cytoskeleton in cortical areas in schizophrenia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тубулин</kwd><kwd>колхицинсвязывающая активность тубулина</kwd><kwd>мозг человека</kwd><kwd>шизофрения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tubulin</kwd><kwd>colchicine binding activity of tubulin</kwd><kwd>human brain</kwd><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пчицкая ЕИ, Жемков ВА, Безпрозванный ИБ. Динамические микротрубочки при болезни Альцгеймера: связь с патологией дендритных шипиков. Биохимия. 2018;83(9):1343-1350. DOI:10.1134/S0320972518090087.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pchitskaya EI, Zhemkov VA, Bezprozvanny IB. Dynamic microtubules in Alzheimer's disease: association with dendritic spine pathology. Biochemistry. 2018;83(9): 1343-1350. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.1134/S0006297918090080.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marchisella F, Coffey ET, Hollos P. Microtubule and microtubule associated protein anomalies in psychiatric disease. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2016;73(10):596-611. DOI: 10.1002/cm.21300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marchisella F, Coffey ET, Hollos P. Microtubule and microtubule associated protein anomalies in psychiatric disease. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2016;73(10):596-611. DOI: 10.1002/cm.21300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Behan AT, Byrne C, Dunn MJ, et al. Proteomic analysis of membrane microdomain-associated proteins in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder reveals alterations in LAMP, STXBP1 and BASP1 protein expression. Mol. Psychiatry. 2009;14(6):601-613. DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Behan AT, Byrne C, Dunn MJ, et al. Proteomic analysis of membrane microdomain-associated proteins in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder reveals alterations in LAMP, STXBP1 and BASP1 protein expression. Mol. Psychiatry. 2009;14(6):601-613. DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaworski J, Kapitein LC, Gouveia SM, et al. Dynamic microtubules regulate dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity. Neuron. 2009;61(1):85-100. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.11.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaworski J, Kapitein LC, Gouveia SM, et al. Dynamic microtubules regulate dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity. Neuron. 2009;61(1):85-100. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.11.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gu J, Zheng JQ. Microtubules in Dendritic Spine Development and Plasticity. Open Neurosci. J. 2009;3:128-133. DOI: 10.2174/1874082000903020128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gu J, Zheng JQ. Microtubules in Dendritic Spine Development and Plasticity. Open Neurosci. J. 2009;3:128-133. DOI: 10.2174/1874082000903020128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martins-de-Souza D, Schmitt A, Roder R, et al. Sex-specific proteome differences in the anterior cingulate cortex of schizophrenia. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2010;44(14):989-991. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.03.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martins-de-Souza D, Schmitt A, Roder R, et al. Sex-specific proteome differences in the anterior cingulate cortex of schizophrenia. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2010;44(14):989-991. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.03.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verstraelen P, Detrez JR, Verschuuren M, et al. Dysregulation of Microtubule Stability Impairs Morphofunctional Connectivity in Primary Neuronal Networks. Front Cell. Neurosci. 2017;11:173. DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00173.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verstraelen P, Detrez JR, Verschuuren M, et al. Dysregulation of Microtubule Stability Impairs Morphofunctional Connectivity in Primary Neuronal Networks. Front Cell. Neurosci. 2017;11:173. DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00173.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andrieux A, Salin P, Schweitzer A, et al. Microtubule stabilizer ameliorates synaptic function and behavior in a mouse model for schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry. 2006;60(11):1224-1230. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.048.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrieux A, Salin P, Schweitzer A, et al. Microtubule stabilizer ameliorates synaptic function and behavior in a mouse model for schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry. 2006;60(11):1224-1230. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.048.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gardiner J, Overall R, Marc J. The microtubule cytoskeleton acts as a key downstream effector of neurotransmitter signaling. Synapse. 2011;65(3):249-256. DOI:10.1002/syn.20841.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gardiner J, Overall R, Marc J. The microtubule cytoskeleton acts as a key downstream effector of neurotransmitter signaling. Synapse. 2011;65(3):249-256. DOI:10.1002/syn.20841.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janke C. The tubulin code: Molecular components, readout mechanisms, and functions. J. Cell. Biol. 2014;l4:461-472. DOI:10,1083/jcb.201406055.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janke C. The tubulin code: Molecular components, readout mechanisms, and functions. J. Cell. Biol. 2014;l4:461-472. DOI:10,1083/jcb.201406055.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андросова ЛВ, Бурбаева ГШ. Аминазин — высокоэффективный ингибитор полимеризации тубулина. Биохимия. 1987;52(7):1162-1167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Androsova LV, Burbaeva GSh. Aminazin — vysokoeffektivnyj ingibitor polimerizacii tubulina. Biohimiya. 1987;52(7):1162-1167. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевцов ПН, Шевцова ЕФ, Бурбаева ГШ. Влияние ионов алюминия, железа и цинка на сборку мозговых микротубулярных белков в микротрубочки. Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины. 2016;4:433-439. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3436-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shevtsov PN, Shevtsova EF, Burbaeva GSh. Effect of Aluminum, Iron, and Zinc Ions on the Assembly of Microtubules from Brain Microtubule Proteins. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2016;161(4):451-455. (In Russ). DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3436-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевцов ПН, Шевцова ЕФ, Савушкина ОК и др. Влияние ионов Al3+, Fe3+ и Zn2+ на фосфорилирование тубулина и микротубулоассоциированных белков мозга крысы. Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины. 2018;165(4):509-512.13. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4206-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shevtsov PN, Shevtsova EF, Savushkina OK i dr. Influence of Al3+, Fe3+ и Zn2 ions on phosphorylation of tubulin and microtubulo-associated proteins of rat brain. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2018;165(4):512-515. (In Russ). DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4206-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bauer DE, Haroutunian V, McCullumsmith RE, Meador-Woodruff JH. Expression of four housekeeping proteins in elderly patients with schizophrenia. J. Neural. Transm. (Vienna). 2009;116(4):487-491. DOI: 10.1007/s00702-008-0143-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bauer DE, Haroutunian V, McCullumsmith RE, Meador-Woodruff JH. Expression of four housekeeping proteins in elderly patients with schizophrenia. J. Neural. Transm. (Vienna). 2009;116(4):487-491. DOI: 10.1007/s00702-008-0143-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivagnanasundaram S, Crossett B, Dedova I, et al. Abnormal pathways in the genu of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia pathogenesis: a proteome study. Proteomics Clin. Appl. 2007;1(10):1291-1305. DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700230.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivagnanasundaram S, Crossett B, Dedova I, et al. Abnormal pathways in the genu of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia pathogenesis: a proteome study. Proteomics Clin. Appl. 2007;1(10):1291-1305. DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700230.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan MK, Tsang TM, Harris LW, et al. Evidence for disease and antipsychotic medication effects in post-mortem brain from schizophrenia patients. Mol. Psychiatry. 2011;16(12):1189-1202. DOI: 10.1038/mp.2010.100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan MK, Tsang TM, Harris LW, et al. Evidence for disease and antipsychotic medication effects in post-mortem brain from schizophrenia patients. Mol. Psychiatry. 2011;16(12):1189-1202. DOI: 10.1038/mp.2010.100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clinton SM, Haroutunian V, Meador-Woodruff JH. Up-regulation of NMDA receptor subunit and postsynaptic density protein expression in the thalamus of elderly patients with schizophrenia. J. Neurochem. 2006;98(4):1114-1125. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03954.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinton SM, Haroutunian V, Meador-Woodruff JH. Up-regulation of NMDA receptor subunit and postsynaptic density protein expression in the thalamus of elderly patients with schizophrenia. J. Neurochem. 2006;98(4):1114-1125. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03954.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beasley CL, Pennington K, Behan A, et al. Proteomic analysis of the anterior cingulate cortex in the major psychiatric disorders: Evidence for disease-associated changes. Proteomics. 2006;6(11):3414-3425. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beasley CL, Pennington K, Behan A, et al. Proteomic analysis of the anterior cingulate cortex in the major psychiatric disorders: Evidence for disease-associated changes. Proteomics. 2006;6(11):3414-3425. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">English JA, Dicker P, Focking M, et al. 2-D DIGE analysis implicates cytoskeletal abnormalities in psychiatric disease. Proteomics. 2009;9(12):3368 -3382. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">English JA, Dicker P, Focking M, et al. 2-D DIGE analysis implicates cytoskeletal abnormalities in psychiatric disease. Proteomics. 2009;9(12):3368 -3382. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayashi-Takagi A, Takaki M, Graziane N, et al. Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) regulates spines of the glutamate synapse via Rac1. Nat. Neurosci. 2010;13(3):327-332. DOI: 10.1038/nn.2487.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayashi-Takagi A, Takaki M, Graziane N, et al. Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) regulates spines of the glutamate synapse via Rac1. Nat. Neurosci. 2010;13(3):327-332. DOI: 10.1038/nn.2487.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
