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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2020-18-3-108-120</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-516</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деменции позднего возраста: клинические паттерны прогрессирования. Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Old Age Dementia: Clinical Patterns of Progression. Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-016X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Наталия Михайловна, доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya M. Mikhaylova, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MikhaylovaNM@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова Н.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/516">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/516</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: клинический опыт свидетельствует о том, что нарастание тяжести деменции в позднем возрасте происходит в одних случаях быстро, в других медленно, что находит отражение в общей длительности заболевания и сроках дожития. Одним из аспектов исследования проблемы деменций является изучение существенных различий в скорости прогрессирования деменции.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обобщить данные исследований скорости прогрессирования деменций позднего возраста различного генеза, прежде всего, вследствие болезни Альцгеймера и ассоциированных с ней расстройств.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и метод</title><p>Материалы и метод: по ключевым словам «поздний возраст», «деменция», «болезнь Альцгеймера», «сосудистая деменция», «прогрессирование», «скорость прогрессирования», «траектории болезни» отобраны и проанализированы статьи в базах MedLine/PubMed с 2000 по 2020 г., а также релевантные статьи в списках литературы анализированных работ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: в обзоре научных публикаций представлена история изучения естественного течения деменций в позднем возрасте. В результате разработки методов определения скорости прогрессирования заболевания обосновано выделение деменций с быстрым и медленным темпом нарастания тяжести когнитивного снижения. Рассмотрены работы, посвященные изучению частоты и нозологической принадлежности деменций с различной скоростью прогрессирования. В самых последних исследованиях разрабатываются прогностические модели с определением различных траекторий течения заболевания. Представление о различной скорости прогрессирования деменций, по общему признанию исследователей, имеет практическое значение для оказания лечебно-диагностической помощи и планирования медико-социальных мер поддержки больных деменцией и их семей. Дифференциация клинических паттернов прогрессирования деменции может быть использована для формирования сопоставимых групп пациентов при изучении эффективности новых методов терапии, а также в клинико-биологических исследованиях патогенеза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: the clinical experience testifies to the fact, that the increase of dementia severity in late age occurs quickly in some cases and in others it proceeds slowly, which is reflected in the total duration of the disease and survival. One of the aspects of dementias research is the study of significant differences in dementia progression rates.</p><p>The objective of the review was to generalize the obtained data on progression rates of late age dementias of various genesis, first of all due to Alzheimer’s disease and its associated disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: papers in MedLine/PubMed bases from1990 to 2020 were selected and analyzed according to the key words: “old age”, “dementia”, “Alzheimer’s disease”, “vascular dementia”, “progression”, “progression rate”, “disease trajectories”, as well as relevant papers in the references of the analyzed works.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: the history of research of old age dementias natural course was presented in the review of scientific publications. According to the results of development of progression rates detection methods, singling out of dementias with rapid and slow increase in the severity of cognitive decline was substantiated. Works devoted to the study of frequency and nosological belonging of dementias with different progression rates were considered. In the most recent studies prognostic models with detection of various trajectories of the course of the disease were developed. The concept of various dementias progression rates admittedly has practical meaning for provision of diagnostic and treatment assistance and planning of medical and social support measures for patients with dementia and their families. Differentiation of dementia progression clinical patterns during formation of comparable groups of patients seems appropriate for investigation of new therapy methods, as well as in clinical-biological studies of pathogenesis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поздний возраст</kwd><kwd>деменция</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>сосудистая деменция</kwd><kwd>скорость прогрессирования</kwd><kwd>медленный тип</kwd><kwd>быстрый тип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>old age</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease</kwd><kwd>vascular dementia</kwd><kwd>rate of progression</kwd><kwd>slow type</kwd><kwd>rapid type</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gavrilova SI. Approaches to preventive treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: problems and possibilities. Psychiatry. 2014;61(01):5–12. 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