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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-2-29-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности воспалительного ответа при юношеских депрессиях с аттенуированными симптомами шизофренического спектра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of Inflammatory Response in Juvenile Depression with Attenuated Symptoms of Schizophrenic Spectrum</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-6007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зозуля</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zozulya</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зозуля Светлана Александровна, кандидат биологических наук, лаборатория нейроиммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Zozulya, PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.ermakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8343-168X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омельченко Мария Анатольевна, кандидат медицинских наук, отдел юношеской психиатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Omelchenko, MD, PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Department of Youth Psychiatry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omelchenko-ma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-8628</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарманова</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarmanova</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сарманова Зоя Викторовна, кандидат медицинских наук, лаборатория нейроиммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya V. Sarmanova, MD, PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sarmanova@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-4323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мигалина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Migalina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мигалина Валентина Владимировна, младший научный сотрудник, отдел юношеской психиатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina V. Migalina, Junior Researcher, Department of Youth Psychiatry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">migalina-vv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-1443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каледа</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaleda</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каледа Василий Глебович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела юношеской психиатрии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily G. Kaleda, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Department of Youth Psychiatry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaleda-vg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5148-3864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюшник</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyushnik</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клюшник Татьяна Павловна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории нейроиммунологии, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Klyushnik, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klushnik2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья», Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зозуля С.А., Омельченко М.А., Сарманова З.В., Мигалина В.В., Каледа В.Г., Клюшник Т.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зозуля С.А., Омельченко М.А., Сарманова З.В., Мигалина В.В., Каледа В.Г., Клюшник Т.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zozulya S.A., Omelchenko M.A., Sarmanova Z.V., Migalina V.V., Kaleda V.G., Klyushnik T.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/643">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/643</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: ранняя нозологическая квалификация юношеских депрессий и обнаружение в их структуре отдельных феноменов шизофренического спектра позволяет определить начало эндогенного процесса и осуществить своевременную терапевтическую интервенцию. Этому способствует комплексный подход, основанный на тщательной психопатологической оценке пациентов и определении индивидуальных иммунологических показателей крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определение маркеров воспаления при юношеских депрессиях с аттенуированными симптомами шизофренического спектра (АСШС) во взаимосвязи с особенностями их клинического проявления и ответом на терапию.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы: обследованы 50 больных в возрасте от 16 до 25 лет с первой депрессией, из них 26 человек с аттенуированными психотическими симптомами (АПС) и 24 пациента с аттенуированными негативными симптомами (АНС). Группа контроля состояла из 19 психически здоровых добровольцев. В плазме крови измеряли активность лейкоцитарной эластазы (ЛЭ), D1-протеиназного ингибитора (D1-ПИ) и уровень аутоантител (АТ) к S100E и основному белку миелина (ОБМ). Соотношение активности ЛЭ и D1-ПИ определяли как лейкоцитарно-ингибиторный индекс (ЛИИ). Клинико-психометрическое (шкалы HDRS, SOPS, SANS) и иммунологическое обследования проводили при поступлении в стационар и при выписке.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: выявлены различные профили иммунологических показателей у пациентов с юношескими депрессиями с АСШС, отражающие разные варианты воспалительного ответа на патологический процесс. Лишь у 24% больных, независимо от выделенных клинических групп, можно констатировать сбалансированный иммунный ответ. Воспалительный ответ у 76% обследованных отличается разной степенью недостаточности функциональной активности нейтрофилов на фоне повышения активности D1-ПИ, т.е. сниженным ЛИИ. В 44% случаев снижение ЛИИ сопровождается также повышением уровня АТ к S100E. Подтверждена связь иммунологических профилей с клинической тяжестью депрессий с АПС и АНС и ответом на терапию.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: полученные результаты расширяют представления о патогенетических механизмах юношеских депрессий с АСШС и свидетельствуют о различных вариантах воспалительного ответа, ассоциированного с этими патологическими состояниями.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: early nosological qualiﬁcation of juvenile depression and detection in its structure of speciﬁc phenomena of schizophrenic spectrum makes it possible to identify the onset of an endogenous process and to provide timely therapeutic intervention. This becomes possible using an integrated approach based on a psychopathological assessment of patients and the determination of individual immunological indicators of blood.</p></sec><sec><title>The objective</title><p>The objective: to determine the inﬂammation markers in patients with juvenile depression with attenuated symptoms of schizophrenic spectrum (ASSS) in relation to features of their clinical manifestation and response to therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods: 50 patients aged 16 to 25 years with ﬁ rst depressive episode with ASSS (F32.1, F32.2, F32.28, F32.8), of which 26 patients with attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) and 24 ones with attenuated negative symptoms (ANS). The control group consisted of 19 mentally healthy volunteers. The leukocyte elastase (LE) and D1-proteinase inhibitor (D1-PI) activity and the level of autoantibodies (AB) to S100E and MBP were measured in blood plasma. The ratio of LE to D1-PI activity was deﬁned as a leukocyte-inhibitory index (LII). Clinical and psychometric assessment (HDRS, SOPS, SANS scales) as well as immunological examination were carried out at admission to the hospital and at discharge.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the differences revealed in proﬁles of immunological parameters in patients with juvenile depression with ASSS reﬂect the different variants of the inﬂammatory response to pathological process. Regardless of the identiﬁed clinical group, only 24% of patients were characterized by a balanced immune response. The inﬂammatory response in 76% of cases was accompanied by varying degrees of insufﬁciency of neutrophils functional activity and an increase in D1-PI activity, i.e. reduced LII. In 44% of cases, a decrease in LII was also accompanied by an increase in the level of AB to S100E. The relationship between immunological proﬁles and clinical severity of depression with APS and ANS was conﬁrmed. The patients with balanced immune response without an autoimmune component have the best therapeutic response.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: the results extend the concepts of the pathogenetic mechanisms of juvenile depression with ASSS and indicate various variants of inﬂammatory response associated with this pathological condition. Immunological analysis complements the clinical examination of patients in terms of assessing the severity of condition, prediction of the disease course and response to therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юношеские депрессии</kwd><kwd>аттенуированные симптомы шизофренического спектра</kwd><kwd>позитивная и негативная симптоматика</kwd><kwd>воспалительные и аутоиммунные маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>juvenile depression</kwd><kwd>attenuated symptoms of schizophrenic spectrum</kwd><kwd>positive and negative symptoms</kwd><kwd>inﬂammatory and autoimmune markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fusar-Poli P, Salazar de Pablo G, Correll CU, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Millan MJ, Borgwardt S, Galderisi S, Bechdolf A, Pfennig A, Vedel Kessing L, van Amelsvoort T, Nieman DH, Domschke K, Krebs M-O, Koutsouleris N, McGuire P, Do KQ, Arango C. 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