psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-3-90-99psychiatry-689Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSПотенциальные биомаркеры посттравматического стрессового расстройстваPotential Biomarkers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorderhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6208ПетроваН. Н.PetrovaN. N.

Петрова Наталия Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой, кафедра психиатрии и наркологии

Санкт-Петербург

Natalia N. Petrova, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction

Saint Petersburg

petrova_nn@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-683XБутомаБ. Г.ButomaB. G.

Бутома Борис Георгиевич, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отделение биопсихосоциальной реабилитации психически больных;  профессор

Санкт-Петербург

Boris G. Butoma, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Department of Psychiatry and Addiction

Saint Petersburg

butbor08@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2181-2281ДорофейковаМ. В.DorofeikovaM. V.

Дорофейкова Мария Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейрофизиологии и патологии поведения

Санкт-Петербург

Maria V. Dorofeikova, MD, PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Behavioral Pathology

Saint Petersburg

mvdorofeykova@mail.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. БехтереваРоссияSaint Petersburg State University; Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and NeurologyRussian FederationИнститут эволюционной физиологии и биохимии имени И.М. Сеченова Российской академии наукРоссияSechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and BiochemistryRussian Federation2021141020211939099Copyright © Петрова Н.Н., Бутома Б.Г., Дорофейкова М.В., 20212021Петрова Н.Н., Бутома Б.Г., Дорофейкова М.В.Petrova N.N., Butoma B.G., Dorofeikova M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/689

Обоснование: хотя поиск биомаркеров психических расстройств, направленный на совершенствование диагностики, индивидуализацию терапии на основании знаний о патофизиологических процессах и предотвращение развития психических заболеваний, активно происходит в отношении эндогенных психических расстройств, изучению биологических маркеров при посттравматическом стрессовом расстройстве (ПТСР) уделяется заметно меньше внимания. Цель: представить анализ современного состояния изучения генетических и биохимических биомаркеров, которые могут применяться для выделения групп риска развития и для уточнения диагностики ПТСР. Материал и метод: по ключевым словам «биомаркеры», «посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство», «патогенез» отобраны публикации 2010–2020 гг. в базе PubMed. Заключение: подходы к исследованию механизмов ПТСР активно развиваются, однако выявление специфических для него биомаркеров (биохимических, молекулярно-генетических, эпигенетических, нейровизуализационных, психофизиологических) представляет сложную задачу, что связано как с разнообразием патогенетических механизмов ПТСР, так и с частой коморбидностью с психическими (депрессия, тревога) и соматическими расстройствами, а также неспецифичностью выявляемых маркеров.

Background: although the search for biomarkers of mental disorders that is aimed at improving diagnosis, individualizing therapy based on knowledge of pathophysiological processes and preventing the development of mental illness is actively underway for endogenous mental disorders, the study of biological markers in non-endogenous mental disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in particular has received much less attention. Aim: to analyze current state of research dedicated to genetic and biochemical biomarkers that can be used to identify high risk groups and clarify the diagnosis of PTSD. Material and method: keywords “biomarkers”, “post-traumatic stress disorder”, “pathogenesis” have been used to fi nd in PubMed articles published in 2010–2020. Conclusion: research methods for elucidating the mechanisms of PTSD are actively developing, however, the identifi cation of specifi c biomarkers (biochemical, molecular, genetic, epigenetic, neuroimaging, psychophysiological) is a complicated task. This complexity is associated with numerous pathogenic mechanisms of PTSD and frequent comorbidity with mental disorders (depression, anxiety) and somatic diseases, as well as lack of specifi city of detected biomarkers.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.