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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2022-20-1-129-138</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Феномен «деперсонализации»: термин H.-F. Amiel в концепциях L. Dugas и P. Janet</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenomenon of Depersonalization: the Term of H.-F. Amiel in the Concepts of L. Dugas and P. Janet</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-8544</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятницкий</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatnitskiy</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Юрьевич Пятницкий, кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Yu. Pyatnitskiy, Cand. of Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">piatnits09@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научный центр психического здоровья</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Mental Health Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>138</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пятницкий Н.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пятницкий Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pyatnitskiy N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/786">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/786</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: проанализировать историю создания и интерпретации синдрома деперсонализации в работах французских психиатров.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод: нарративный обзор.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: термин «деперсонализация», как удалось выяснить при анализе текста опубликованных посмертно дневников H.-F. Amiel, встречается впервые не в записи от 8 июля 1880 г., как отмечают современные англоязычные исследователи этого феномена M. Sierra и G. Berrios, а намного раньше, в записи от 27 мая 1857 г., и касается впечатления, которое производит на автора дневников «деперсонализированная» музыка Рихарда Вагнера во время присутствия на опере «Тангейзер». Французский психолог L. Dugas первоначально объединил феномен déjà vu («уже виденного») с переживаниями отчуждения психических актов (1894), однако через четыре года (1898), когда впервые применил термин «деперсонализация» в отношении таких переживаний, стал придерживаться точки зрения, что деперсонализация и déjà vu являются различными феноменами. L. Dugas выдвинул концепцию аффективного происхождения деперсонализации, подчеркивал психологический защитный смысл этого феномена, хотя и отмечал, что полностью объяснить феномен отчуждения психических актов эмоциональной апатией так и не удается. Он не соглашался с позицией Th. Ribot и P. Janet, относивших деперсонализацию к виду обсессивных расстройств. Для P. Janet деперсонализация являлась характерным стигматом психастении, поэтому наиболее подробно описанным первоначально оказался психастенический преморбидный характер больных с деперсонализацией. Хотя P. Janet понимал деперсонализацию как аффективное расстройство, но, рассматривая ее как проявление «психастении», преимущественно объяснял ее абстрактным понятием «фундаментального» расстройства: «снижением психологического напряжения». L. Dugas и F. Moutier полагали, что к деперсонализации предрасположены не только конституциональные психастеники, но и астеники, а также личности, у которых эмоции «случайно» «падают ниже обычного уровня».</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim was to study a history of creation and interpretation of term «depersonalization» in French psychiatry.</p><sec><title>Method</title><p>Method: a narrative review.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: as it was elucidated by the analysis of the texts of postmortem published diaries of Swiss philosopher H.-F. Amiel is encountered for the first time not in the notes dated from the 8th of July 1880, as it had been mentioned by Englishspeaking researchers of this phenomenon M. Sierra and G. Berrios, but much earlier in the notes from the 27th May 1857 concerning the impression that the “depersonated” music of Rihard Wagner made on the author of the diaries during the presentation of Tangeiser opera. The French psychologist L. Dugas firstly united déjà vu phenomenon with the experience of the alienation of mental acts (1894), but in four years (1898) when he used the term “depersonalization” for this experience considered depersonalization and déjà vu as different phenomena. L. Dugas put forward the hypothesis of affective origins of depersonalization, underlined psychological defensive sense of the phenomenon, but marked that the explanation of the alienation of mental acts by emotional apathy was not fully convincing. He did not agree with the position of Th. Ribot and P. Janet who ascribed depersonalization to the kind of obsessive disorders. For P. Janet the depersonalization was a characteristic stigma of psychasthenia, because of that firstly the psychasthenic premorbid character of the patients with depersonalization was described more comprehensively. Although P. Janet understood depersonalization as an affective disorder he considered it as a demonstration of psychasthenia, and predominantly explained the phenomenon by the abstract notion of “fundamental” disorder: “decreasing of the psychic tension”. L. Dugas and F. Moutier considered not only constitutional psychasthenics but also asthenics and other personalities whose emotions accidentally “dropped below the ordinary level” as predisposed to depersonalization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деперсонализация</kwd><kwd>L. Dugas</kwd><kwd>психастения</kwd><kwd>P. Janet</kwd><kwd>структура деперсонализации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depersonalization</kwd><kwd>L. Dugas</kwd><kwd>psychasthenia</kwd><kwd>P. 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