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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2022-20-2-60-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-825</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ранняя дезадаптация при расстройствах аутистического спектра у детей: факторы риска инвалидности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Early Desadaptation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Disability Risk Factors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-9920</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альбицкая</surname><given-names>Ж. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Albitskaya</surname><given-names>Zh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жанна Вадимовна Альбицкая, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра психиатрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna V. Albitskaya, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry</p><p> Niznii Novgorod</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhanna051267@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-5597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царёв</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsarev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Александрович Царёв, студент, педиатрический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav A. Tsarev, Studen</p><p> Niznii Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@pimunn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Константинович Козлов, студент, педиатрический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim К. Kozlov, Student</p><p> Niznii Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@pimunn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Privolzhsky Research Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Альбицкая Ж.В., Царёв В.А., Козлов М.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Альбицкая Ж.В., Царёв В.А., Козлов М.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Albitskaya Z.V., Tsarev V.A., Kozlov M.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/825">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/825</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: по данным ВОЗ, на психические расстройства, возникающие в детском возрасте, приходится наибольшая доля детской инвалидности среди всех заболеваний. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС), рост которых в мире за последние 10 лет составил 1300%, а показатель инвалидности за пять лет увеличился на 107,1%. Цель исследования: выявление факторов риска ранней инвалидности у детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Пациенты и методы: в исследование включены 518 детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра, разделенных на две группы: дети-инвалиды и дети — не инвалиды. В работе использовались клинико-психопатологический, клинико-катамнестический, психометрический, статистический методы. Результаты: выявлено влияние значительного количества факторов риска ранней инвалидности у детей с РАС, при этом сила их воздействия колеблется в весьма широком диапазоне. Для применения в практической деятельности выделены четыре основные группы факторов риска: наследственная отягощенность, организация помощи, репродуктивное здоровье родителей, течение беременности и родов. Статистически установлена сила их суммарного влияния на риск инвалидности. Обсуждение: полученные данные показывают, что сила суммарного влияния «организационных» факторов при РАС в два раза превышает силу влияния факторов «репродуктивное здоровье родителей» и более чем в пять раз силу влияния фактора «беременность и роды», что соответствует высокой статистической значимости (p &lt; 0,001). Наследственные факторы не оказывают значимого влияния на дезадаптацию при РАС и получение инвалидности. Заключение: система профилактики, ранней диагностики и комплексной реабилитации на основе междисциплинарного взаимодействия направлена на улучшение адаптации и качества жизни детей с РАС и их семей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: according to WHO, mental disorders that occur in childhood account for the largest share of child disability among all diseases. Special attention is paid to the problem of autism spectrum disorders, the growth of which in the world over the past 10 years has amounted to 1300%, and the disability rate has increased by 107.1% in 5 years. The purpose of the study: identication of risk factors for the formation of early disability in children with autism spectrum disorders. Patients and methods: the study made up 518 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, divided into 2 groups: disabled children and non-disabled children. Clinical-psychopathological, clinical-catamnestic, psychometric, and statistical methods were used in the work. Results: the inuence of a signicant number of disabling risk factors in children with ASD was revealed, while the strength of their impact varied in a very wide range. For practical application, 3 main groups of disability risk factors are identied (organizational, reproductive health of parents, factors of pregnancy and childbirth) and the strength of their total inuence on the formation of disability is established statistically. Discussion: the obtained data showed that the power of the total inuence of “organizational” factors on the formation of disability in autism spectrum disorders is 2 times greater than the power of factors “reproductive health of parents” and more than 5 times the power of the impact of pregnancy and childbirth, which corresponded to a high statistical signicance (p &lt; 0.001). Hereditary factors did not have a signicant impact on the formation of disabling mental disorders. Conclusion: the system of prevention, early diagnostics and comprehensive rehabilitation based on interdisciplinary interaction contributes to improve adaptation and quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorders and their families.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детская психиатрия</kwd><kwd>аутизм</kwd><kwd>расстройства аутистического спектра</kwd><kwd>детский возраст</kwd><kwd>инвалидность</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>child psychiatry</kwd><kwd>autism</kwd><kwd>autism spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>disability</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВОЗ. Ситуация с охраной здоровья детей и подростков в Европе. 2018. 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