psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2022-20-2-109-116psychiatry-831Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSМедико-биологические и потенциальные терапевтические аспекты использования препарата лития карбонатаBiomedical and Potential Therapeutic Aspects of Lithium Carbonate Usehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8430-237XСорокинаЮ. А.SorokinaYu. A.

Юлия Андреевна Сорокина, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры общей и клинической фармакологии

Нижний Новгород

Yulia A. Sorokina, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology

Nizhny Novgorod

zwx@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-3576МосинаА. А.MosinaA. A.

Анна Алексеевна Мосина, студент

Нижний Новгород

Anna A. Mosina, Student

Nizhny Novgorod

anna.mosina.99@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-077XПахомоваЮ. М.PakhomovaYu. M.

Юлия Михайловна Пахомова, магистр нейробиологии

Нижний Новгород

Yulia M. Pakhomova, Master’s Degree in Neuroscience

Nizhny Novgorod

iuliiapahomova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-5141ЗанозинА. В.ZanozinA. V.

Андрей Владимирович Занозин, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, врач-психиатр

Нижний Новгород

Andrey V. Zanozin, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Psychiatrist

Nizhny Novgorod

xyz52@bk.ruПриволжский исследовательский медицинский университетРоссияVolga Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationГБУЗ «Наркологическая больница»РоссияState Medical Institution Narcological HospitalRussian Federation202208072022202109116Copyright © Сорокина Ю.А., Мосина А.А., Пахомова Ю.М., Занозин А.В., 20222022Сорокина Ю.А., Мосина А.А., Пахомова Ю.М., Занозин А.В.Sorokina Y.A., Mosina A.A., Pakhomova Y.M., Zanozin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/831

Обоснование: соль карбоната лития используется в психиатрии при состояниях возбуждения, для предотвращения рецидивов маниакальных и депрессивных эпизодов, а также для лечения агрессивного поведения. Фармакологические характеристики карбоната лития изучены не полностью. В последнее время наблюдается повышение интереса к более широкому использованию препарата, например при терапии нейродегенеративных заболеваний и даже при вирусных инфекциях. Цель: представить обзор наиболее ранних современных зарубежных исследований, освещающих медико-биологические и потенциальные терапевтические аспекты использования препарата карбоната лития не по традиционным показаниям. Материал и методы: по ключевым словам «карбонат лития, нейропротекция, токсичность, болезнь Альцгеймера, коронавирусная инфекция» проводился поиск научных публикаций в базах данных MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus за период с 1970 по 2021 г. Заключение: по данным анализированных работ, карбонат лития может оказывать значительный эффект на патогенез болезни Альцгеймера, что может стать перспективным в разработке терапии этого до сих пор неизлечимого заболевания. Важно также отметить противовирусные эффекты карбоната лития. В исследованиях показано, что он способен смягчать иммунно-воспалительную активацию, наблюдаемую во время эпизодов биполярного расстройства, включая нормализацию уровней цитокинов. Наиболее интересным является прямое воздействие лития карбоната на некоторых членов семейства коронавирусов, что особенно важно в связи с актуальными проблемами, связанными с вирусом SARS-CoV-2, принявшими масштабы всемирного кризиса общественного здравоохранения.

Background: lithium carbonate salts are used in psychiatry for agitated states reduction and, above all, to prevent recurring manic and depressive episodes, as well as for the treatment of aggressive behavior. The pharmacological characteristics of lithium carbonate have not been fully studied. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the wider use of Lithium carbonate, in particular, in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and even in viral infections. Objective: to present an overview of the earliest and late foreign studies covering the biomedical and potential therapeutic aspects of lithium off-label use as follows for Alzheimer’s disease and viral infections. Material and methods: the keywords “lithium carbonate, neuroprotection, toxicity, Alzheimer’s disease, coronavirus infection” were used to search for scientic publications in the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus for the period 1970–2021. Conclusions: lithium carbonate can have signicant effects on pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, which may be a good prospect in the treatment of this currently incurable disorder. It is also important to note the antiviral properties of lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate is able to mitigate the immune-inammatory activation observed during episodes of bipolar disorder, including the normalization of cytokine levels. It is also important to note the antiviral capabilities of lithium carbonate. The most interesting is the direct impact of lithium carbonate on some members of the coronavirus family, which is especially important in connection with the real problems a global public health crisis associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.