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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-2-6-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-иммунологические аспекты бредовых расстройств при параноидной шизофрении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Immunological Aspects of Delusional Disorders in Paranoid Schizophrenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5148-3864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюшник</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyushnik</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Павловна Клюшник, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории нейроиммунологии, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Klyushnik, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klushnik2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-3432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смулевич</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smulevich</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Болеславович Смулевич, академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий от- делом по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств; заведующий кафедрой, кафедра психиатрии и психосоматики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly B. Smulevich, Academician, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department, Department of Borderline Mental Disorders and Psychosomatic Disorders; Head of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics Department</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">absmulevich@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-6007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зозуля</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zozulya</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Александровна Зозуля, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория нейроиммунологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Zozulya, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.ermakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1822-8973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Романов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор; кафедра психиатрии и психосоматики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Romanov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor; Psychiatry and Psychosomatics Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">newt777@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобанова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobanova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вероника Маратовна Лобанова, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika M. Lobanova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of borderline mental disorders and psychosomatic disorders</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lobanovanika@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»; ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»; ИКМ ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клюшник Т.П., Смулевич А.Б., Зозуля С.А., Романов Д.В., Лобанова В.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клюшник Т.П., Смулевич А.Б., Зозуля С.А., Романов Д.В., Лобанова В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klyushnik T.P., Smulevich A.B., Zozulya S.A., Romanov D.V., Lobanova V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/950">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/950</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: недостаточная изученность гетерогенных бредовых расстройств при шизофрении, а также роли воспаления в развитии заболевания послужили основанием для проведения данного исследования. Цель: установление иммунных механизмов в процессах взаимодействия различных форм бредовых симптомокомплексов при шизофрении. Пациенты: в исследование включены 60 пациентов (средний возраст 38,4 ± 1,11 года) с диагнозом «шизофрения параноидная, непрерывный тип течения» (F20.00 по МКБ-10). Состояние пациентов определялось стойкими бредовыми либо галлюцинаторно-бредовыми расстройствами. На основании клинической оценки пациенты были разделены на три группы: 1-я группа (27 больных) — с интерпретативным бредом, 2-я группа (22 пациента) с бредом воздействия и явлениями психического автоматизма, 3-я группа (11 человек) со смешанными формами бреда (интерпретативного и воздействия). Контрольную группу составили 17 психически и соматически здоровых людей, сопоставимых с пациентами по полу и возрасту. Методы: в крови обследуемых определяли воспалительные и аутоиммунные маркеры: активность лейкоцитарной эластазы (ЛЭ) и α1-протеиназного ингибитора (α1-ПИ), лейкоцитарно-ингибиторный индекс (ЛИИ) и уровень антител (аАТ) к S100B и основной белок миелина (ОБМ). Результаты: у пациентов всех групп выявлено увеличение активности ЛЭ и α1-ПИ по сравнению с контролем (p &lt; 0,05), а у больных 2-й группы также повышение уровня аАТ к S100B (p &lt; 0,05). Внутригрупповые различия активности ЛЭ послужили основанием для разделения пациентов на три кластера. 1-й кластер характеризовался умеренной активацией иммунной системы и был представлен преимущественно пациентами с интерпретативным бредом (54,5% от числа пациентов соответствующей клинической группы). 2-й и 3-й кластеры отличались более высоким уровнем активации иммунной системы. Особенностью 3-го кластера являлась низкая активность ЛЭ на фоне высокой активности α1-ПИ и повышенного уровня аАТ к S100B. Во 2-м и в 3-м кластерах оказались преимущественно пациенты с бредом воздействия (74,1%). Заключение: исследование подтвердило вовлеченность воспаления в патофизиологию бредовых расстройств при параноидной шизофрении и позволило выявить взаимосвязи между психопатологической структурой этих расстройств и особенностями спектра иммунных маркеров. Наивысший уровень активации иммунной системы, а также иммунологические особенности, свидетельствующие предположительно о нарушении проницаемости гематоэнцефалического барьера, ассоциированы в основном с бредом воздействия и явлениями психического автоматизма. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: insufﬁcient study of heterogeneous delusional disorders in schizophrenia and the role of inﬂammation in the development of the disease served as the basis for this study. The aim: to establish the role of immune mechanisms in the processes of the interaction of different forms of delusional symptom complexes in schizophrenia. Patients: 60 patients (mean age 38.4 ± 1.11 years) with the diagnosis “paranoid schizophrenia, continuous progressive course” (F20.00, ICD-10) were included in the study. The state of patients was deﬁned by persistent delusional/hallucinatory delusional disorders. Based on the clinical assessment, patients were divided into three groups: 27 patients (group 1) with interpretative delusion, 22 patients (group 2) with delusion of inﬂuence based on the phenomena of mental automatism, and 11 examinees (group 3) with mixed forms of delusions (interpretative and delusions of inﬂuence with mental automatism). The control group consisted of 17 mentally and somatically healthy people, comparable with the patients by sex and age. Methods: inﬂammatory and autoimmune markers leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) activity, leukocyte inhibitor index (LII) and antibody (aAb) level to S100B and MBP were determined in the blood. Results: in all groups of patients, an increase in the activity of LE and α1-PI was revealed compared with the control (p &lt; 0.05). In group 2, an increase in aAb level to S100B was also detected (p &lt; 0.05). Intra-group differences in LE activity served as the basis for dividing patients into three clusters. Cluster 1 was characterized by moderate activation of the immune system and was represented mainly by patients with interpretative delusions (54.5% of patients in the corresponding clinical group). Clusters 2 and 3 were distinguished by a higher level of immune system activation. A distinctive feature of cluster 3 was low LE activity against the background of high α1-PI activity and elevated level of aAb to S100B. Clusters 2 and 3 were represented mainly by patients with delusion of inﬂuence (74.1%). Сonclusion: the study conﬁrmed the involvement of inﬂammation in the pathophysiology of delusional disorders in paranoid schizophrenia and allowed us to identify the relationship between the psychopathological structure of these disorders and the features of the spectrum of immune markers. The highest level of activation of the immune system, as well as immunological features presumably indicating impaired permeability of the blood-brain barrier, were associated mainly with delusions of inﬂuence with the phenomena of mental automatism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>параноидная шизофрения</kwd><kwd>бредовые расстройства</kwd><kwd>интерпретативный бред</kwd><kwd>бред воздействия</kwd><kwd>психический автоматизм</kwd><kwd>уровень активации иммунной системы</kwd><kwd>маркеры воспаления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>paranoid schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>delusional disorders</kwd><kwd>interpretative delusion</kwd><kwd>delusion of inﬂuence</kwd><kwd>mental automatism</kwd><kwd>immune system activation level</kwd><kwd>inﬂammation markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huber MK, Schwitzer J, Kirchler E, Lepping P. 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