psychiatryПСИХИАТРИЯPsychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)1683-83192618-6667FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”; LLC «Publisher «MIA»10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-2-72-88psychiatry-957Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSВлияние пандемии COVID-19 на состояние здоровья людей, страдающих психическими заболеваниямиThe Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health of People with Mental Disordershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-424XЕниколоповС. Н.EnikolopovS. N.

Сергей Николаевич Ениколопов, кандидат психологических наук, заведующий отделом медицинской психологии

Москва

Sergey N. Enikolopov, Сand. of Sci. (Psychol.), Head of Department, Medical Psychology Department

Moscow

enikolopov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-807XБойкоО. М.BoykoO. M.

Ольга Михайловна Бойко, научный сотрудник, отдел медицинской психологии

Москва

Olga M. Boyko, Researcher, Medical Psychology Department

Moscow

olga.m.boyko@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-2152МедведеваТ. И.MedvedevaT. I.

Татьяна Игоревна Медведева, научный сотрудник, отдел медицинской психологии

Москва

Tatiana I. Medvedeva, Researcher, Medical Psychology Department

Moscow

medvedeva.ti@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-676XВоронцоваО. Ю.VorontsovaO. Yu.

Оксана Юрьевна Воронцова, научный сотрудник, отдел медицинской психологии

Москва

Oksana Yu. Vorontsova, Researcher, Medical Psychology Department

Moscow

okvorontsova@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4423-4007БарановП. А.BaranovP. A.

Петр Александрович Баранов, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению эндогенных психических расстройств и аффективных состояний

Москва

Pyotr A. Baranov, Сand. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders and Affective Conditions

Moscow

pab1960@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-0620ОлейчикИ. В.OleichikI. V.

Игорь Валентинович Олейчик, доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению эндогенных психических расстройств и аффективных состояний

Москва

Igor V. Oleichik, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher, Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders and Affective Conditions

Moscow

ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»РоссияFSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”Russian Federation2023060520232127288Copyright © Ениколопов С.Н., Бойко О.М., Медведева Т.И., Воронцова О.Ю., Баранов П.А., Олейчик И.В., 20232023Ениколопов С.Н., Бойко О.М., Медведева Т.И., Воронцова О.Ю., Баранов П.А., Олейчик И.В.Enikolopov S.N., Boyko O.M., Medvedeva T.I., Vorontsova O.Y., Baranov P.A., Oleichik I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/957

Цель: анализ опубликованных исследований, касающихся влияния пандемии COVID-19 на состояние здоровья (психического и соматического) людей, страдающих психическими заболеваниями. Материалы и методы: по ключевым словам «COVID-19», «depression», «affective disorders», «schizophrenia», «anxiety disorders», «депрессия», «аффективные расстройства», «шизофрения», «тревожные расстройства» проведен поиск статей на английском и русском языках в базах данных MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary за период с 2017 по 2022 г. Заключение: анализ опубликованных работ показал, что такие факторы, как социальное дистанцирование, изоляция или изменение доступности медицинских услуг, могут оказывать существенное влияние на состояние здоровья тех, кто имеет то или иное психическое заболевание. Установлено, что у людей, страдающих психическими заболеваниями, выше риск заражения COVID-19, у них отмечается меньшая эффективность поствакцинального иммунитета и наблюдается более тяжелое течение болезни. Перенесенная коронавирусная инфекция может привести как к усилению ранее существовавших симптомов психического расстройства, так и к появлению новых. Возможные физиологические механизмы психических нарушений после перенесенного COVID-19 включают широкий круг патогенетических процессов: от затяжного системного воспаления различной интенсивности до микротромбоза сосудов и нейродегенеративных изменений. Когнитивные нарушения при COVID-19, связанные с повреждением мозговых структур вирусом, могут усугублять уже имевшуюся психопатологическую симптоматику. Особенности психопатологической симптоматики, развивающейся в ответ на ситуацию пандемии, тесно связаны со структурой предшествующего психического статуса пациентов, в связи с чем вид необходимой психосоциальной помощи различен для людей с разными психическими заболеваниями.

The aim of the review was to analyze published studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health status (mental and physical) of people with mental disorders. Materials and methods: by keywords “COVID-19”, “depressive disorders”, “affective disorders”, “schizophrenia”, “anxiety disorders” search for papers in English and Russian in the databases MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary for the period from 2017 to 2022 was carried out. Conclusion: the analysis of published works has demonstrated that factors such as social distancing, isolation, or changing the availability of medical services can have a significant influence on the health of people with mental disorders. It has been established that people suffering from mental illness are at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19, they have less effective post-vaccination immunity and have a more severe course of the disease. The past coronavirus infection can lead to both an increase in pre-existing symptoms of a mental disorder, and the emergence of new ones. Possible physiological mechanisms of mental disorders after past COVID-19 include a wide range of pathogenetic processes: from prolonged systemic inflammation of varying intensity to vascular microthrombosis and neurodegenerative changes. Cognitive impairment during COVID-19, associated with damage to brain structures by the virus, may exacerbate existing psychopathological symptoms. The special features of psychopathological symptoms that develop in response to a pandemic situation are closely related to the structure of the previous mental status of patients, and therefore the types of psychosocial assistance needed is different for people with various mental disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.