<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПСИХИАТРИЯ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-8319</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “The Mental Health Research Centre”;   LLC «Publisher «MIA»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/2618-6667-2023-21-3-54-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">psychiatry-985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЯ, КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кататония в структуре аффективных и шизоаффективных расстройств послеродового периода</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Catatonia in the Structure of Affective and Schizoaffective Disorders of the Postpartum Period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8109-5977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пискарёв</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piskarev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Валерьевич Пискарёв, младший научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Piskarev, Junior Researcher, Department for Studying of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">piskarev-mv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-1536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобанова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobanova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вероника Маратовна Лобанова, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika M. Lobanova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department for Studying of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.o.b.a.n.o.v.a.n.i.k.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8401-5864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Борисовна Румянцева, младший научный сотрудник, отдел по изучению эндогенных психических расстройств и аффективных состояний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Rumyantseva, Junior Researcher, Department of Endogenous Mental Disorders and Affective Conditions</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-92@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пискарёв М.В., Лобанова В.М., Румянцева Е.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пискарёв М.В., Лобанова В.М., Румянцева Е.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Piskarev M.V., Lobanova V.m., Rumyantseva E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/985">https://www.journalpsychiatry.com/jour/article/view/985</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование: в рамках современной дименсиональной парадигмы кататония рассматривается как транснозологическое образование, манифестирующее при различных аффективных и шизоаффективных заболеваниях. В XXI в. все бóльшую актуальность приобретают исследования, посвященные анализу кататонических феноменов, выступающих в клиническом пространстве послеродовых аффективных и шизоаффективных расстройств (J.Y. Lai, T.L. Huang, 2004; A. Nahar и соавт., 2017; C. Kamau, 2017; L. Csihi и соавт., 2022).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: анализ научных публикаций по проблеме кататонии в послеродовом периоде и клинических иллюстраций. Пациенты и методы: представлен анализ трех клинических наблюдений пациенток, проходивших лечение в клинике НЦПЗ по поводу биполярного аффективного расстройства (БАР) (F31.3 по МКБ-10; 1 случай) и шизоаффективного расстройства (F25.2 по МКБ-10; 2 случая) с преобладанием моторных расстройств в клинической картине экзацербации заболевания. Основной метод исследования — клинический, дополнительные — психологическое обследование и оценка данных инструментальной (ЭЭГ) диагностики.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: двигательные расстройства, регистрируемые в структуре тоскливо-апатических депрессий в рамках экзацербации БАР, представлены феноменами гипокинетической кататонии и выступают в качестве амплификатора аффективных расстройств. Кататонические симптомокомплексы в пространстве шизоаффективных расстройств соответствуют клиническим проявлениям паракинетической кататонии, не имеют прямой корреляции со структурой и выраженностью аффективных расстройств и свидетельствуют о нарастании прогредиентности болезненного процесса.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: анализ представленных наблюдений свидетельствует о гетерогенности аффективно-кататонических состояний не только по структуре моторных феноменов, но также по психопатологическому профилю аффективных расстройств. Тоскливо-апатические депрессии характеризуются явлениями гипокинетической кататонии, а шизоаффективные приступы — явлениями истерокататонии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: аt the present stage of psychiatry, within the framework of the dimensional paradigm, catatonia is considered as a transnosological entity that manifests within the clinical space of various affective and schizoaffective disorders. In the 21st century studies, devoted to the analysis of motor disorders that appear in the clinical space of postpartum affective and schizoaffective disorders, become increasingly relevant (J.Y. Lai, T.L. Huang, 2004; A. Nahar and et al., 2017; C. Kamau, 2017; L. Csihi and et al., 2022). However, research on this issue is very limited. The objective: the analysis of catatonic phenomenon, manifesting in the postpartum period, based on the observations of three clinical cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods: 3 clinical cases of patients, undergoing treatment in the clinical department of the FSBSI “Mental Health Research Centre” with established diagnoses of bipolar affective disorder (ICD-10: F31.1; 1 case) and schizoaffective disorder (ICD-10: F25.2; 2 cases) with a predominance of motor disorders in the clinical picture of the disease. The main method was clinical with the use of psychological examination and data from instrumental (EEG) diagnostics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: movement disorders registered in the structure of apathoanesthetic depressions within the exacerbation of bipolar affective disorder are represented by the phenomena of hypokinetic catatonia and act as an ampliﬁer of affective disorders. Catatonic symptoms within the clinical space of schizoaffective disorders, are limited by manifestations of parakinetic catatonia, do not have a direct correlation with the structure and severity of affective disorders, and indicate an increase in the progredient endogenous process.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: the analysis of clinical observations testiﬁes in favor of the heterogeneity of affective-catatonic states not only in terms of the structure of motor phenomena, but also in terms of the psychopathological proﬁle of affective disorders.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>послеродовая депрессия</kwd><kwd>послеродовой психоз</kwd><kwd>кататония</kwd><kwd>моторные расстройства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postpartum depression</kwd><kwd>postpartum psychosis</kwd><kwd>catatonia</kwd><kwd>motor disorders</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tissot S-A. Traité des Nerfs et de Leurs Maladies: De la Catalepsie, de l’Extase. Lausanne: Grasset; 1789.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tissot S-A. Traité des Nerfs et de Leurs Maladies: De la Catalepsie, de l’Extase. Lausanne: Grasset; 1789.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amard LVF. Traité analytique de la folie et des moyens de la guérir. Ballanche; 1807.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amard LVF. Traité analytique de la folie et des moyens de la guérir. Ballanche; 1807.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esquirol J-É. Des Maladies Mentales, Considérées Sous les Rapports Médical, Hygiénique et Médico-Légal. Paris; London: J.-B. Ballière; 1838.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esquirol J-É. Des Maladies Mentales, Considérées Sous les Rapports Médical, Hygiénique et Médico-Légal. Paris; London: J.-B. Ballière; 1838.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ideler KW. Über die Vesania puerperalis. Ann Charité Krankenhaus; Berlin:1851;2:121–182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ideler KW. Über die Vesania puerperalis. Ann Charité Krankenhaus; Berlin:1851;2:121–182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MarcéLV. Traité de la folie des femmes enceintes, des nouvelles accouchées et des nourrices et considérations médico-légales qui se rattachent à ce sujet. J.B. Baillière et Fils. Paris: 1858.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MarcéLV. Traité de la folie des femmes enceintes, des nouvelles accouchées et des nourrices et considérations médico-légales qui se rattachent à ce sujet. J.B. Baillière et Fils. Paris: 1858.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie: Ein Lehrbuch fur Studierende und Ärzte. 6 Auﬂ. Leipzig: IA. Barth, 1899.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie: Ein Lehrbuch fur Studierende und Ärzte. 6 Auﬂ. Leipzig: IA. Barth, 1899.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">RungeW. Die Generationspsychosen des Weibes. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1911;48:545–690.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RungeW. Die Generationspsychosen des Weibes. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1911;48:545–690.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meyer A. The problems of mental reaction-types, mental causes and diseases. Psychological Bulletin. 1908;5:245–261. doi: 10.1037/h0072906</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meyer  A. The problems of mental reaction-types, mental causes and diseases. Psychological Bulletin. 1908;5:245–261. doi: 10.1037/h0072906</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малиновский ПП. Помешательство. СПб.; 1855. Malinovskij PP. Pomeshatel’stvo. SPb.; 1855. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinovskij  PP. Pomeshatel’stvo. SPb.; 1855. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жданов ИД. Психозы послеродового периода с этиологической и судебно-медицинской точки зрения. М.: Типография Волчанинова; 1896:412 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanov ID. Psihozy poslerodovogo perioda s etiologicheskoj i sudebno-medicinskoj tochki zreniya. M.: Tipograﬁya Volchaninova; 1896:412 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Молохов АН. Очерки гинекологической психиатрии. Кишенев: Картя Молдовеняскэ, 1962:317 с. Molohov AN. Ocherki ginekologicheskoj psihiatrii. Kishenev: Kartya Moldovenyaske, 1962:317 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Molohov AN. Ocherki ginekologicheskoj psihiatrii. Kishenev: Kartya Moldovenyaske, 1962:317 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kahlbaum KL. Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein. Eine klinische Form psychischer Krankheit. Berlin, 1874.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kahlbaum KL. Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein. Eine klinische Form psychischer Krankheit. Berlin, 1874.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Снежневский АВ. Nosоs et pathos schizophrenias. Вкн.: Шизофрения. Мультидисциплинарное исследовани. Под ред. АВ Снежневского. М.; 1972:5–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snezhnevskij AV. V kn.: Nosos et pathos schizophrenias. Shizofreniya. Mul’tidisciplinarnoe issledovanie. Pod red. A.V. Snezhnevskogo. M.;1972;5–15. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">LaiJY, HuangTL. Catatonic features noted in patients with post-partum mental illness. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;58(2):157–162. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2003.01210.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">LaiJY, HuangTL. Catatonic features noted in patients with post-partum mental illness. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;58(2):157–162. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2003.01210.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gervasoni N, Aubry JM. A catatonic syndrome in a postpartum major depressive episode with psychotic features. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 2008;159(6):394–396.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gervasoni  N, Aubry  JM. A catatonic syndrome in a postpartum major depressive episode with psychotic features. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 2008;159(6):394–396.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Csihi L, Ungvari GS, Caroff SN, Mann SC, Gazdag G. Catatonia during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Schizophr Res. 2022 Sep 3:S0920-9964(22)00305-X. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.08.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Csihi L, Ungvari GS, Caroff SN, Mann SC, Gazdag G. Catatonia during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Schizophr Res. 2022 Sep 3:S0920-9964(22)00305-X. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.08.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strain AK, Meltzer-Brody S, Bullard E, Gaynes BN. Postpartum catatonia treated with electroconvulsive therapy: a case report. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2012;34(4):436.e3–4. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.11.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strain AK, Meltzer-Brody S, Bullard E, Gaynes BN. Postpartum catatonia treated with electroconvulsive therapy: a case report. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2012;34(4):436.e3–4. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.11.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nahar A, Kondapuram N, Desai G, Chandra PS. Catatonia among women with postpartum psychosis in a Mother-Baby inpatient psychiatry unit. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2017;45:40–43. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2016.12.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nahar A, Kondapuram N, Desai G, Chandra PS. Catatonia among women with postpartum psychosis in a Mother-Baby inpatient psychiatry unit. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2017;45:40–43. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2016.12.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamau C. Postpartum depression or psychosis and return to work. Lancet Psychiatry. 2017;4(2):96–97. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30444-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamau C. Postpartum depression or psychosis and return to work. Lancet Psychiatry. 2017;4(2):96–97. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30444-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rundgren S, Brus O, Båve U, Landén M, Lundberg J, Nordanskog P, Nordenskjöld A. Improvement of postpartum depression and psychosis after electroconvulsive therapy: A population-based study with a matched comparison group. J Affect Disord. 2018;235:258–264. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.043</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rundgren S, Brus O, Båve U, Landén M, Lundberg J, Nordanskog  P, Nordenskjöld  A. Improvement of postpartum depression and psychosis after electroconvulsive therapy: A population-based study with a matched comparison group. J Affect Disord. 2018;235:258–264. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.043</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прибытков АА. Психогенные послеродовые депрессии непсихотического уровня (клиническая картина иопыт терапии). Социальная иклиническая психиатрия. 2011;21(1):9–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pribytkov AA. Psihogennye poslerodovye depressii nepsihoticheskogo urovnya (klinicheskaya kartina i opyt terapii). Social’naya i klinicheskaya psihiatriya. 2011;21(1):9–13. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рагимова АА, Иванов СВ. Клиническое исследование послеродовых депрессий при шизофрении. Психические расстройства в общей медицине. 2017;(01–02):4–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ragimova AA, Ivanov SV. Klinicheskoe issledovanie poslerodovyh depressij pri shizofrenii. Psihicheskie rasstrojstva v obshchej medicine. 2017;(01–02):4–11. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Starkstein S, Berrios G. The ‘Preliminary Discourse’ to Methodical Nosology, by François Boissier de Sauvages (1772). Hist Psychiatry. 2015;26(4):477–491. doi: 10.1177/0957154X15602361</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starkstein S, Berrios G. The ‘Preliminary Discourse’ to Methodical Nosology, by François Boissier de Sauvages (1772). Hist Psychiatry. 2015;26(4):477–491. doi: 10.1177/0957154X15602361</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сербский ВП. Формы психического расстройства, описываемые под именем кататонии. М., 1890. Serbskij VP. Formy psihicheskogo rasstrojstva, opisyvaemye pod imenem katatonii. M., 1890. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serbskij VP. Formy psihicheskogo rasstrojstva, opisyvaemye pod imenem katatonii. M., 1890. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. ICD-11: International classification of diseases (11th revision). 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. ICD-11: International classification of diseases (11th revision). 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR®). American Psychiatric Association; 2022:1120. doi: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR®). American Psychiatric Association; 2022:1120. doi: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonhard K. Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen und ihre differenzierte Ätiologie. 4. Auf. Akademie Verlag, Berlin; 1968.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonhard K. Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen und ihre differenzierte Ätiologie. 4. Auf. Akademie Verlag, Berlin; 1968.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Urstein M. Katatonie Unter Dem Bilde Der Hysterie Und Psychopathie. Berlin: Karger; 1922.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Urstein M. Katatonie Unter Dem Bilde Der Hysterie Und Psychopathie. Berlin: Karger; 1922.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борисова ПО, Лобанова ВМ. К проблеме истерокататонии вклиническом пространстве шизофрении и расстройств шизофренического спектра. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии имени С.С. Корсакова. 2022;122(7):81–87. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202212207181</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borisova PO, Lobanova VM. On the problem of hysterocatonia in the clinical space of schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders. S.S.Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry/Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2022;122(7):81–87. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17116/jnevro202212207181</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смулевич АБ, Клюшник ТП, Борисова ПО, ЛобановаВМ, ВороноваЕИ. Кататония (актуальные проблемы психопатологии и клинической систематики). Психиатрия. 2022;20(1):6–16. doi: 10.30629/2618-6667-2022-20-1-6-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smulevich AB, Klyushnik TP, Borisova PO, Lobanova VM, Voronova EI. Catatonia (Actual Problems of Psychopatology and Clinical Systematics). Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya). 2022;20(1):6–16. (In Russ.). doi: 10.30629/2618-6667-2022-20-1-6-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilson JE, Niu K, Nicolson SE, Levine SZ, Heckers S. The diagnostic criteria and structure of catatonia. Schizophr Res. 2015;164(1–3):256–262. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.12.036</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilson JE, Niu K, Nicolson SE, Levine SZ, Heckers  S. The diagnostic criteria and structure of catatonia. Schizophr Res. 2015;164(1–3):256–262. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.12.036</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
