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Correlation analysis of the clinical and cellular immunity parameters interaction in patients with schizoaffective psychosis and affective disorders

https://doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2018-80-60-67

Abstract

The aim of the work: to study the correlations between cellular immunity indicators: the cytotoxic activity of natural killer lymphocytes and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and to investigate the possible relationship between changes in the immune response and the clinical state of patients with schizoaffective psychosis and affective disorders.
Material and methods: 49 patients with endogenous psychosis — 23 men diagnosed with ICD-10: F25 (schizoaffective psychosis — ShAP) and 26 patients (18 men and 8 women) with affective disorders (AD) (bipolar affective disorder — F32.2, F32.3 and recurrent depressive disorder — F33.2 и F33.3) — were examined before treatment. The age of patients with ShAP and AD, enrolled in the study, was 28.6 ± 1.6 and 25.9 ± 1.5 years, respectively. 40 mentally healthy (33 men and 7 women) ageand gender-matched persons were examined as controls. Clinical assessment of the patients was performed using subscales of positive and negative disorders on the PANSS scale. The level of the cytotoxic activity of natural killer lymphocytes (NKCA) and the phagocytic activity (PA) of neutrophils isolated from the peripheral blood of patients and controls were determined in vitro using standard tests: NKCA was evaluated in a cytotoxic test; PA of neutrophils was determined according to the proportion of phagocytic cells (phagocytic index), phagocytic number and the opsonic index of absorption. The correlations between the studied indicators were investigated using parametric methods of statistics. 
Results: the values of the studied immunological parameters in the groups of patients with ShAP and AD, did not differ from the values of controls, except for opsonic index level, which was significantly reduced in all patients with ShAP compared with the control group (p < 0.01) and patients with AD (p < 0.01). The positive and negative symptoms severity was significantly increased in patients with ShAP compared with AD patients (p < 0.01). For a more detailed analysis of the studied parameters, all patients with ShAP and AD were divided by the median into equal subgroups with the level of NKCA below and above its values. A negative correlation between the level of NKCA and the value of opsonic index, as well as positive  correlations between the values of phagocytic and opsonic index and between the value of phagocytic number and the level of positive disorders were revealed in an analysis of the ShAP subgroups. Similar analysis of the subgroups of patients with AD, who had a less pronounced psychopathological disorders compared with ShAP patients, revealed only one negative correlation between the values of phagocytic index and phagocytic number. All identified correlations between the indicators were confirmed with a high degree of significance by Fisher's two-tailed exact test. 

Conclusion: based on the results obtained, it can be assumed that the number of identified correlations between the studied clinical and immunological parameters in patients with ShAP and AD indicates the degree of violation and the level of adaptation of innate cellular immunity functions associated with different severity of  psychopathological disorders in these patients. 

About the Authors

E. F. Vasilyeva
FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre»
Russian Federation

Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, laboratory of biochemistry

Moscow, Russian Federation



S. G. Kushner
FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre»
Russian Federation

Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), research laboratory assistant, laboratory of pathophysiology

Moscow, Russian Federation



M. I. Faktor
FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre»
Russian Federation

Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), leading researcher laboratory of biochemistry

Moscow, Russian Federation



V. G. Kaleda
FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre»
Russian Federation

Dr. of Sci. (Med.), deputy director for development  and innovative activity

Moscow, Russian Federation



O. S. Brusov
FSBSI «Mental Health Research Centre»
Russian Federation

Cand. of Sci. (Med.), head of laboratory of biochemistry

Moscow, Russian Federation



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For citations:


Vasilyeva E.F., Kushner S.G., Faktor M.I., Kaleda V.G., Brusov O.S. Correlation analysis of the clinical and cellular immunity parameters interaction in patients with schizoaffective psychosis and affective disorders. Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya). 2018;(80):60-67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2018-80-60-67

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