To the Question about Pathological Religiosity in the Context of Clinical Psychiatry
https://doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2020-18-4-114-126
Abstract
Background: Despite a large number of studies devoted to religiosity and religious coping of patients with mental illness, many issues remain uncertain or contradictory.
The aim of the review: to present the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications on the problem of the religious life of patients, differentiation of normal and pathological religiosity, peculiarities of religiosity in patients with delusion with religious content, religious coping.
Materials and methods: using keywords “normal religiosity”, “pathological religiosity”, “religious delusion”, “spiritual emergency”, “religious coping” papers were selected and explored in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY, Google scholar, Cyberleninka databases from 1990 to 2020.
Conclusion: most researchers found out positive effect of religiosity on mental health. Religious coping is great resource for rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. At the same time, studies devoted to the problems of the influence of religiosity on the formation of delusion with religious content, its prognostic value, demonstrate contradictory results, partly due to the bias of psychiatrists towards the religiosity of patients. It seems important to minimize existing contradictions in order to improve the quality of life for patients, and increase compliance in the course of further research.
About the Authors
U. O. PopovichRussian Federation
Ulyana O. Popovich, MD, PhD, Cand. of Sci. (Med.)
Moscow
N. V. Romanenko
Russian Federation
Nadezhda V. Romanenko, Psychiatrist
Moscow
V. G. Kaleda
Russian Federation
Vasiliy G. Kaleda, MD, PhD, Dr. of Sci. (Med.),
Moscow
References
1. Kublitskaya EA, Nazarov MM. Dynamics of religiosity in contemporary Russia according to research in the capital region. Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii nauk. 2019;9(11):1120–1127. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S0869-587389111120-1127
2. Kondrat’ev FV. Religiosity and psychopathology. Aspects of interaction. Russian Journal of Psychiatry. 2012;5:5–13. (In Russ.).
3. Voskresenskij BA. Nekotorye klinicheskie aspekty problemy «religioznost’ i psihicheskie rasstrojstva. Religioznost’ i klinicheskaja psihiatrija. Materialy Pervoj Moskovskoj Mezhdunarodnoj konferencii, 20–21 aprelja 2017 goda: Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.: «Sam Poligrafist»; 2017:124–129. (In Russ.).
4. Kopejko GI, Samsonov IS. Religioznaya vera i religioznyj bred. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj konferencii (Moskva, 7–8 noyabrya 2019 g.). Psihicheskoe zdorov’e i religioznyj opyt. SPb.: Skifiya-print. 2020:123–132. ISBN 978-5-98620-436-9 (In Russ.).
5. Krylova ES. Kliniko-psihopatologicheskie aspekty yunosheskih depressij s kartinoj “metafizicheskoj intoksikacii”. Psychiatry. 2003;6(6):29–35. (In Russ.).
6. Pashkovskij VE. Psihicheskie rasstrojstva s religiozno-misticheskimi perezhivaniyami: Kratkoe rukovodstvo dlya vrachej. SPb.: Izdatel’skij dom SPbMAPO. 2006:144. ISBN: 5980370587 (In Russ.).
7. Borisova OA. Spektr patologicheskoj religioznosti u bol’nyh s jendogennymi psihicheskimi zabolevanijami. Religioznost’ i klinicheskaja psihiatrija. Materialy Pervoj Moskovskoj mezhdunarodnoj konferencii, 20–21 aprelja. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.: Sam Poligrafist; 2017:111–119. ISBN 978-5-00077-640-7 (In Russ.).
8. Kondrat’ev FV, Lashchinina YuA. Sravnitel’naya harakteristika bredovyh fabul religioznogo soderzhaniya za poslednie 100 let. XIII s”ezd psihiatrov Rossii: materialy s”ezda. M. 2000:56. (In Russ.).
9. Logutenko RM. Differencirovannyj podhod v formirovanii normy i patologii v religioznom opyte. Akademicheskij zhurnal Zapadnoj Sibiri. 2010;4:14–16. (In Russ.).
10. Zrazhevskaya IA. Formirovanie kriteriev differentsiatsii psikhicheskikh rasstroistv, soderzhashchikh religiozno-misticheskie perezhivaniya. Meditsina i obrazovanie v Sibiri. 2008;(4):11. Published online: http://www.ngmu.ru/cozo/mos/article/pdf.php?id=296 [Date of request: 11 июня 2020] (In Russ.).
11. Цуцульковская МЯ, Копейко ГИ. Шизофрения, протекающая в виде атипичного затяжного пубертатного приступа. Психиатрия. Руководство для врачей под редакцией академика А.С. Тиганова. М.: «Медицина». 2012;1:533–549. ISBN: 5225100163 Cucul’kovskaya MYa, Kopejko GI. Shizofreniya, protekayushchaya v vide atipichnogo zatyazhnogo pubertatnogo pristupa. Psihiatriya. Rukovodstvo dlya vrachej pod redakciej akademika A.S. Tiganova. M.: «Medicina». 2012;1:533–549. ISBN: 5225100163 (In Russ.).
12. Savenko YuS. Vvedenie v psikhiatriyu. Kriticheskaya psikhopatologiya. M.: Logos. 2013;448. (In Russ.).
13. Полищук ЮИ, Летникова ЗВ. Фактор духовности в психиатрии и психотерапии. Психическое здоровье. 2010;3:57–61. Polishchuk YuI, Letnikova ZV. Faktor dukhovnosti v psikhiatrii i psikhoterapii. Psikhicheskoe zdorov’e. 2010;3:57–61. (In Russ.).
14. Sidorov PI. Religious resources of Psychiatry and Mental medicine. Psikhicheskoe zdorov’e. 2014;12:65–75. (In Russ.).
15. Portnov AA, Shakhnovich MI. Psikhozy i religiya. L.: Meditsina; 1967:100. (In Russ.).
16. Fromm E. Psychoanalysis and Religion. Open Road Media. 2012:120.
17. Freud S. The future of an illusion. Broadview Press. 2012:216. ISBN 9781554810659
18. Larson DB, Pattison EM, Blazer DG, Omran AR, Kaplan BH. Systematic analysis of research on religious variables in four major psychiatric journals, 1978-1982. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1986;143(3):329–334. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.143.3.329
19. Weaver AJ, Samford JA, Larson DB, Lucas LA, Koenig HG, Patrick V. A systematic review of research on religion in four major psychiatric journals: 1991-1995. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1998;186(3):187–190. DOI: 10.1097/00005053-199803000-00008
20. Bogatyreva NL. Vlijanie religioznosti na techenie reakcii gorja. Materialy Pervoj Moskovskoj mezh-dunarodnoj konferencii «Religioznost’ i klinicheskaja psihiatrija», 20–21 aprelja. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.: Sam Poligrafist; 2017:107–111. ISBN 978-5-00077-640-7 (In Russ.).
21. Kopejko GI, Borisova OA, Baburin AN, Magaj AI. Opyt konfessionalno-orientirovannoj reabilitacii endogennyh psixicheskih bolnyh s alkogolnoj zavisimostyu. Materialy Yubilejnoj Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferenciis mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, posvyashhennoj 75-letiyu Nauchnogo centra psihicheskogo zdorovya «Psihiatricheskaya nauka v istorii i perspektive». Moskva. 2019:308–311. ISBN 978-5-6042918-1-8 (In Russ.).
22. Barber CW, Miller MJ. Reducing a suicidal person’s access to lethal means of suicide: a research agenda. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2014;47(3,Suppl. 2):S264–S272. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.028
23. Toussaint L, Wilson CM, Wilson LC, Williams DR. Religiousness and Suicide in a Nationally Representative Sample of Trinidad and Tobago Adolescents and Young Adults. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2015;50(9):1441–50. DOI: 10.1007/s00127-015-1045-y
24. Fradelos EC, Latsou D, Mitsi D, Tsaras K, Lekka D, Lavdaniti M, Tzavella F, Papathanasiou IV. Assessment of the relation between religiosity, mental health, and psychological resilience in breast cancer patients. Contemp. Oncol. (Pozn). 2018;22(3):172–177. DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.78947
25. Kopeyko GI, Borisova OA, Gedevani EV. Psychopathology and phenomenology of religious delusion of possession in schizophrenia. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(4):30–35. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20181184130-35 (In Russ.).
26. Kopeyko GI, Borisova OA, Gedevani EV, Samsonov IS, Kaleda VG.The Syndrome of Possession with Religious Content in Schizophrenia: Clinical and Psychopathological Features. Psychiatry. 2019; 17(3):24–29. DOI: 10.30629/2618-6667-2019-17-3-24-29 (In Russ.).
27. Dyga K, Stupak R. Ways of Understanding of Religious Delusions Associated With a Change of Identity on the Example of Identification With Jesus Christ. Sposoby rozumienia urojeń religijnych związanych ze zmianą tożsamości na przykładzie identyfikacji z Jezusem Chrystusem. Psychiatr. Pol. 2018;52(1):69–80. DOI: 10.12740/PP/64378
28. Borisova OA, Orekhova PV. Religioznyj bred konca sveta. Pilotazhnoe issledovanie. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj konferencii (Moskva, 7–8 noyabrya 2019 g.). Psihicheskoe zdorov’e i religioznyj opyt. SPb.: Skifiya-print. 2020:34–38. ISBN 978-5-98620-436-9 (In Russ.).
29. Romanenko NV, Popovich UO. Juvenile Attack-Like Endogenous Psychosis with Religious Delusion: Psychopathology and Clinical Features. Psychiatry. 2019;17(4):49–56. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.30629/2618-6667-2019-17-4-49-56
30. Cucul’kovskaya MYa, Izvol’skij SA, Kopejko GI. Yunosheskaya shizofreniya, debyutiruyushchaya sverhcennymi rasstrojstvami tipa «metafizicheskoj intoksikacii » (rannyaya diagnostika, raznovidnosti techeniya, prognoz). Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 1986;1:73–86. (In Russ.).
31. Koenig G. Religion, spirituality, and health: the research and clinical implications. ISRN Psychiatry. 2012;2012:278730. Published 2012 Dec 16. DOI: 10.5402/2012/278730
32. Carpenter TP, Laney T, Mezulis A. Religious coping, stress, and depressive symptoms among adolescents: A prospective study. Psychology of religion and Spirituality. 2012;4(1):19–30.
33. Pargament KI, Exline JJ, Jones JW, Mahoney AE, Shafranske EP. APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (2 Vol.) (Vol. 1: Context, theory, and research; Vol. 2: An applied psychology of religion and spirituality). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2013:1449. ISBN 978-1-4338-1077-0
34. Fallot RD. The Place of Spirituality and Religion in Mental Health Services. New Dir. Ment. Health Serv. 2001;(91):79–88. DOI: 10.1002/yd.23320019109
35. Dubogray EV. The relationship of religiosity and mental health: view through the prism of foreign medical and sociological research. Vestnik of Moscow State Linguistic University. Social sciences. 2018;2(800):196–207. (In Russ.).
36. Phillips RE 3rd, Stein CH. God’s will, God’s punishment, or God’s limitations? Religious coping strategies reported by young adults living with serious mental illness. J. Clin. Psychol. 2007;63(6):529–540. DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20364
37. Rosmarin DH, Bigda-Peyton JS, Öngur D, Pargament KI, Björgvinsson T. Religious coping among psychotic patients: relevance to suicidality and treatment outcomes. Psychiatry Res. 2013; 210(1):182–187. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.03.023
38. Vojnovskaya OA. Metodologicheskie problemy differenciacii normal’noj i patologicheskoj religioznosti. Tavricheskij zhurnal psihiatrii. 2010;14:1(50):78–83. (In Russ.).
39. Voskresenskij BA, Radionov DS. Religioznost i psihicheskie rasstrojstva — razgranichenie normy i patologii. Nevrologicheskij vestnik. 2018;50(4)67–69. DOI: 10.17816/nb14150 (In Russ.).
40. Gannushkin PB. Postanovka voprosa o granicah dushevnogo zdorov’ya. Izbrannye trudy. M.: Medicina. 1964:97–108. (In Russ.).
41. Zinov’ev PM. Dushevnye bolezni v kartinah i obrazah. Psihozy, ih sushchnost’ i formy proyavleniya. Pod redakciej i s pred. prof. P.B. Gannushkina. L.: Izdanie M. i S. Sabashnikovyh. 1927:192. (In Russ.).
42. Frolov BS. System of assessment and forecasting of mental health in mass psychiatric examinations. L.: VMA. 1982:62. (In Russ.).
43. Arterburn S, Felton J. Toxic Faith: experiencing healing from painful spiritual abuse. Water Brook Press. 2001:269. ISBN 0877888256
44. Olport G. Stanovlenie lichnosti: Izbrannye trudy. M.: Smysl, 2002:930. ISBN: 5-89357-098-7 (In Russ.).
45. Lenski GE. The religious factor. New York: Doubleday, 1961:381.
46. Larson DB, Donahue MJ, Lyons JS, Benson PL, Pattinson M, Worthington EL, Blazer DG. Religious affiliations in mental health research samples as compared with national samples. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1989;177(2):109–111. DOI: 10.1097/00005053-198902000-00008
47. McCullough ME, Laurenceau JP. Religiousness and the trajectory of self-rated health across adulthood. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 2005;31(4):560–573. DOI: 10.1177/0146167204271657
48. Mahmoodabad SSM, Ehrampoush MH, Tabei SZ, Nami M, Fallahzadeh H, Namavar Jahromi B, Shayan A, Forouhari S. Extrinsic or intrinsic religious orientation may have an impact on mental health. Research Journal of Medical Sciences. 2016;10(4):232–236. DOI: 10.36478/rjmsci.2016.232.236
49. Morawa E, Erim Y. Health-Related Lifestyle Behavior and Religiosity among First-Generation Immigrants of Polish Origin in Germany. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2018;15(11):2545. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112545
50. Mohr S, Huguelet P. The relationship between schizophrenia and religion and its implications for care. Swiss. Med. Wkly. 2004;134(25–26):369–376.
51. James W. The Varieties of Religious Experience: a study in human nature. CreateSpace Independent. Publishing Platform. 2009;284. ISBN 10 1439297274
52. Stejs U. Misticizm i chelovecheskij razum. Arhetip. Filos. psihoanalit. zhurn. M. 1997;3(4):58–74. (In Russ.).
53. Bessonova LA. Misticheskoe kak individual’nyj opyt cheloveka. Uchenye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye nauki. 2008;150(4):32–41. (In Russ.).
54. Pashkovskii VE, Zislin IM. Religiozno-misticheskie sostoyaniya kak psikhiatricheskaya problema. Sotsial’naya i klinicheskaya psikhiatriya. 2005;15(1):81–88. (In Russ.).
55. Szasz T. Crazy talk: thought disorder or psychiatric arrogance? Br. J. Med. Psychol. 1993;66(Pt.1):61–67. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01726.x 56. Doerr O, Velásquez O. The encounter with God in myth and madness. Philos. Ethics. Humanit. Med. 2007;2:12. DOI: 10.1186/1747-5341-2-12
56. Johnson CV, Friedman HL. Enlightened or delusional? Differentiating religious, spiritual, and transpersonal experiences from psychopathology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 2008;48(4):505–527. DOI: 10.1177/0022167808314174
57. Buckley P. Mystical experience and schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 1981;7(3):516–521. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/7.3.516
58. Greenberg D, Witztum E. Problems in the treatment of religious patients. Am. J. Psychother. 1991; 45(4):554–565. DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy. 1991.45.4.554
59. Feofan Zatvornik, svt. Strasti i bor ’ba s nimi. M.: «Danilovskij blagovestnik». 2003:218. ISBN 5-89101-141-7:10000 (In Russ.).
60. Nil Sinajskij. Slovo o Molitve. Dobrotolyubie. M.: Izdatel’stvo Sretenskogo monastyrya, 2010;2: 201–223. (In Russ.).
61. Grimsoltanova RE. Psihologiya vozdejstviya religioznyh uchenij i totalitarnyh kul’tov na lichnostnye osobennosti v kontekste razlichnyh psihologicheskih podhodov. Severo-Kavkazskij psihologicheskij vestnik. 2013;11(4):19–23. (In Russ.).
62. Lebedev VY. On psychological aspects of bigotry. Religion. Church. Society. 2017;6:92–107. DOI: 10.24411/2308-0698-2017-00005 (In Russ.).
63. Drinnan A, Lavender T. Deconstructing delusions: A qualitative study examining the relationship between religious beliefs and religious delusions. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 2006;9(4):317–331. DOI: 10.1080/13694670500071711
64. O’Connor S, Vandenberg B. Psychosis or faith? Clinicians’ assessment of religious beliefs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2005;73(4):610–616. DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.73.4.610.
65. Melekhov D.E. Psihiatriya i problemy duhovnoj zhizni. Sinaps. 1991;1:47–55; 1992;2:64–79. (In Russ.).
66. Tupikin RV, Osipova NN Orthodoxy and psychiatry: experience and prospects for interaction. Vestnik Of The Smolensky State Medical University. 2019;18(2):246–252. (In Russ.).
67. Puchalski CM. The role of spirituality in health care. Proc. (Bayl. Univ. Med. Cent). 2001;14(4):352–357. DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2001.11927788
68. Blass DM. A pragmatic approach to teaching psychiatry residents the assessment and treatment of religious patients. Acad. Psychiatry. 2007;31(1):25–31. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ap.31.1.25
69. Napo F, Heinz A, Auckenthaler A. Explanatory models and concepts of West African Malian patients with psychotic symptoms. Eur. Psychiatry. 2012;27Suppl. 2:S44–S49. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-9338(12)75707-3
70. Saavedra J. Function and meaning in religious delusions: A theoretical discussion from a case study. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 2014;17(1): 39–51. DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2012.745493
71. Lomax JW, Kripal JJ, Pargament KI. Perspectives on “sacred moments” in psychotherapy. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2011;168(1):12–18. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10050739
72. Kehoe N. Wrestling with our inner angels: faith, mental illness, and the journey to wholeness. John Wiley & Sons. 2009:149. ISBN 0470455411
73. Stanley MA, Bush AL, Camp ME, Jameson JP, Phillips LL, Barber CR, Zeno D, Lomax JW, Cully JA. Older adults’ preferences for religion/spirituality in treatment for anxiety and depression. Aging. Ment. Health. 2011;15(3):334–343. DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2010.519326
74. Pfeifer S. Neurose und Religiosität. Gibt es einen kausalen Zusammenhang? [Neurosis and religiosity. Is there a causal correlation?]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1993;43(9–10):356–363.
75. Pfeifer S, Waelty U. Psychopathology and religious commitment — a controlled study. Psychopathology. 1995;28(2):70–77. DOI: 10.1159/000284903
76. Getz GE, Fleck DE, Strakowski SM. Frequency and severity of religious delusions in Christian patients with psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2001;103(1):87–91. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1781(01)00262-1
77. Meissner WW. The phenomenology of religious psychopathology. Bull. Menninger Clin. 1991;55(3):281–298.
78. Korsakov SS. Kurs psikhiatrii. T. 1, 2. M.: Izd-vo Mosk Un-ta; 1901:1133. (In Russ.).
79. Rudaleviciene P, Stompe T, Narbekovas A, Raskauskiene N, Bunevicius R. Are religious delusions related to religiosity in schizophrenia? Medicina (Kaunas). 2008;44(7):529–535.
80. Peters E, Day S, McKenna J, Orbach G. Delusional ideation in religious and psychotic populations. Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 1999;38(1):83–96. DOI: 10.1348/014466599162683
81. Siddle R, Haddock G, Tarrier N, Faragher EB. Religious delusions in patients admitted to hospital with schizophrenia. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2002;37(3):130–138. DOI: 10.1007/s001270200005
82. Kirov G, Kemp R, Kirov K, David AS. Religious faith after psychotic illness. Psychopathology. 1998;31(5):234–245. DOI: 10.1159/000029045
83. Suhail K, Ghauri S. Phenomenology of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia by religious convictions. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 2010;13(3):245–259. DOI: 10.1080/13674670903313722
84. Saver JL, Rabin J. The neural substrates of religious experience. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 1997; 9(3):498–510. DOI: 10.1176/jnp.9.3.498
85. Muramoto O. The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in human religious activity. Med. Hypotheses. 2004;62(4):479–485. DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.10.010
86. Brewerton TD. Hyperreligiosity in psychotic disorders. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1994;182(5):302–304. DOI: 10.1097/00005053-199405000-00009
87. Appelbaum PS, Robbins PC, Roth LH. Dimensional approach to delusions: comparison across types and diagnoses. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1999;156(12):1938–1943. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.12.1938
88. Stompe T, Friedman A, Ortwein G, Strobl R, Chaudhry HR, Najam N, Chaudhry MR. Comparison of delusions among schizophrenics in Austria and in Pakistan. Psychopathology. 1999;32(5):225–234. DOI: 10.1159/000029094
89. Mohr S, Pfeifer S. Delusions and hallucinations with religious content. Religion and spirituality in psychiatry. 2009:81–96. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511576843.007
90. Connell A, Koen L, Niehaus D, Cloete KJ, Jordaan E, Botha U. Religious Delusions in a Xhosa Schizophrenia Population. J. Relig. Health. 2015;54(5):1555–1562. DOI: 10.1007/s10943-014-9860-0
91. Cook CC. Religious psychopathology: The prevalence of religious content of delusions and hallucinations in mental disorder. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry. 2015;61(4):404–425. DOI: 10.1177/0020764015573089
92. Yangarber-Hicks N. Religious coping styles and recovery from serious mental illnesses. Journal of Psychology and Theology. 2004;32:305–317. DOI: 10.1177/009164710403200403
93. Mohr S, Borras L, Betrisey C, Pierre-Yves B, Gilliéron C, Huguelet P. Delusions with religious content in patients with psychosis: how they interact with spiritual coping. Psychiatry. 2010;73(2):158–172. DOI: 10.1521/psyc.2010.73.2.158
94. Siddle R, Haddock G, Tarrier N, Faragher EB. Religious delusions in patients admitted to hospital with schizophrenia. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2002;37(3):130–138. DOI: 10.1007/s001270200005
95. Doering S, Müller E, Köpcke W, Pietzcker A, Gaebel W, Linden M, Müller P, Müller-Spahn F, Tegeler J, Schüssler G. Predictors of relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Schizophr. Bull. 1998;24(1):87–98. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033316
96. Bhavsar V, Bhugra D. Religious delusions: finding meanings in psychosis. Psychopathology. 2008; 41(3):165–172. DOI: 10.1159/000115954
97. Robles-García R, López-Luna S, Páez F, Escamilla R, Camarena B, Fresán A. History of religious delusions and psychosocial functioning among Mexican patients with paranoid schizophrenia. J. Relig. Health. 2014;53(6):1622–1633. DOI: 10.1007/s10943-013-9727-9
98. Kelly GR, Mamon JA, Scott JE. Utility of the health belief model in examining medication compliance among psychiatric outpatients. Soc. Sci. Med. 1987;25(11):1205–1211. DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(87)90367-4
99. Reker T, Menke R. Religiöse und spirituelle Einstellungen psychiatrischer Patienten [Religious and spiritual attitudes of patients with schizophrenic or affective disorders]. Psychiatr Prax. 2013;40(1):43-48. (In German). DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1327242
100. Mishra A, Das B, Goyal N. Religiosity and religious delusions in schizophrenia — An observational study in a Hindu population. Asian J. Psychiatr. 2018;32:35–39. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.11.011
101. Kay S, Opler L, Fiszbein A. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 1987;13(2):261.
102. Andreasen NC. Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS). Iowa City, US: University of Iowa; 1984.
103. Eisen JL, Phillips KA, Baer L, Beer DA, Atala KD, Rasmussen SA. The Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale: reliability and validity. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1998;155(1):102–108. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.155.1.102
104. Kraya NA, Patrick C. Folie à deux in forensic setting. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1997;31(6):883–888. DOI: 10.3109/00048679709065518
105. Martiniuc G, Trifina A, Trifina L. Oedipism partial prezentare de caz [Partial oedipism: case report]. Oftalmologia. 2007;51(2):41–48.
106. Knabb JJ, Welsh RK, Graham-Howard ML. Religious delusions and filicide: A psychodynamic model. Mental Health, Religion & Culture. 2012;15:529–549. DOI: 10.1080/13674676.2011.594998
107. Harrison DA, Clark SM. How to care for patients who have delusions with religious content. Current Psychiatry. 2012;11(1):47–51.
108. Blacker KH, Wong N. Four cases of autocastration. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1963;8:169–176. DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1963.01720080059009
109. Field HL, Waldfogel S. Severe ocular self-injury. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry. 1995;17(3):224–227. DOI: 10.1016/0163-8343(95)00031-l
110. Ozan E, Deveci E, Oral M, Yazici E, Kirpinar I. Male genital self-mutilation as a psychotic solution. Isr. J. Psychiatry Relat. Sci. 2010;47(4):297–303.
111. Logutenko RM. Heteroagressive and suicidal behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia with delusions of obsession. Nauka molodyh (Eruditio Juvenium). 2015;4:104–110. (In Russ.).
112. Silva JA, Leong GB, Weinstock R. Violent behaviors associated with the antichrist delusion. J. Forensic Sci. 1997;42(6):1058–1061.
113. Reeves RR, Liberto V. Suicide associated with the Antichrist delusion. J. Forensic Sci. 2006;51(2):411–412. DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00079.x
114. Iyassu R, Jolley S, Bebbington P, Jolley S, Bebbington P, Dunn G, Emsley R, Freeman D, Fowler D, Hardy A, Waller H, Kuipers E, Garety P. Psychological characteristics of religious delusions. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2014;49(7):1051–1061. DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0811-y
115. Shnaider K. K vvedeniyu v religioznuyu psikhopatologiyu. Per. s nem. G.М. Costikova. Nezavisimyi psikhiatricheskii zhurnal. 1999;1:5–13. (In Russ.).
116. Koenig HG, Büssing A. The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-item measure for use in epidemological studies. Religions. 2010;1:78–85. DOI: 10.3390/rel1010078
117. Plante TG, Boccaccini M. The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith questionnaire. Pastoral Psychology. 1997;45:375–387. DOI: 10.1007/BF02230993
118. Kos L, Šagud M, Mihaljević-Peleš A, Kutleša M, Kovač T, Trkulja V. Religiosity and Severity of Symptoms in Croatian Patients With Major Depressive Disorder or Schizophrenia. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 2019;207(6):515–522. DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001003
119. Shmelev IM. Strategii i resursy sovladayushchego povedeniya veruyushchih molodyh lyudej. Vestnik Universiteta Rossijskoj akademii obrazovaniya. 2011;3:63–65. (In Russ.).
120. Verhagen PJ. Controversy or consensus? Recommendations for psychiatrists on psychiatry, religion and spirituality. Asian J. Psychiatr. 2012;5(4):355–357. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2012.09.014
121. Borras L, Mohr S, Brandt PY, Gilliéron C, Eytan A, Huguelet P. Religious beliefs in schizophrenia: their relevance for adherence to treatment. Schizophr. Bull. 2007;33(5):1238–1246. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbl070
122. Pargament KI, Murray-Swank N, Magyar G, Ano GG Spiritual struggle: a phenomenon of interest to psycholоgy and religion. In: Miller WE, Delaney W (eds). Judeo Christian perspectives on psychology: human nature, motivation, and change. Washington: APA Press, 2005:245–268. DOI: 10.1037/10859-013
123. Mohr S, Perroud N, Gillieron C, Brandt PY, Rieben I, Borras L, Huguelet P. Spirituality and religiousness as predictive factors of outcome in schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2011;186(2-3):177–182. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.012
124. Brovchenko KYu. Osobennosti religioznogo povedenija u bol’nyh shizofreniej s religiozno-misticheskimi perezhivanijami. Materialy Pervoj Moskovskoj mezhdunarodnoj konferencii «Religioznost’ I klinicheskaja psihiatrija», 20–21 aprelja 2017 g. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.: Sam Poligrafist; 2017:120–124. ISBN 978-5-00077-640-7 (In Russ.).
125. Exline JJ, Prince-Paul M, Root BL, Peereboom KS. The spiritual struggle of anger toward God: a study with family members of hospice patients. J. Palliat. Med. 2013;16(4):369–375. DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2012.0246
126. Jarbin H, Von Knorring AL. Suicide and suicide attempts in adolescent-onset psychotic disorders. Nord J. Psychiatry. 2004;58(2):115–123. DOI: 10.1080/08039480410005611
127. Huguelet P, Mohr S, Jung V, Gillieron C, Brandt PY, Borras L. Effect of religion on suicide attempts in outpatients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorders compared with inpatients with non-psychotic disorders. Eur. Psychiatry. 2007;22(3):188–194. DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.08.001
128. Voskresenskij BA. Nekotorye aspekty problemy «religioznost’ i psihicheskie rasstrojstva». Materialy Pervoj Moskovskoj mezhdunarodnoj konfer encii «Religioznost’ i klinicheskaya psihiatriya», 20–21 aprelya 2017 g. Sbornik nauchnyh trudov. M.: Sam Poligrafist; 2017:124–129. ISBN 978-5-00077-640-7 (In Russ.).
129. Kondrat’ev F.V. Sovremennye kul’tovye novoobrazovaniya («sekty») kak psihologo-psihiatricheskaya problema. Belgorod: Missionerskij otdel MP RPC; 1999:55. (In Russ.).
130. Sims ACP. Symptoms in the mind: an introduction to descriptive psychopathology. 2nd ed. London; Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 1995:422. ISBN 0702026271
131. Mohr S, Brandt PY, Borras L, Gilliéron C, Huguelet P. Toward an integration of spirituality and religiousness into the psychosocial dimension of schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2006;163(11):1952–1959. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1952
132. Fallot RD. Spirituality and religion in recovery: some current issues. Psychiatr. Rehabil. J. 2007; 30(4):261–270. DOI: 10.2975/30.4.2007.261.270
133. Huguelet P, Mohr S, Borras L, Gillieron C, Brandt P-Y. Spirituality and religious practices among outpatients with schizophrenia and their clinicians. Psychiatric Services. 2006;57:366–372. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.57.3.366
134. Rieben I, Mohr S, Borras L, Gillieron C, Brandt P-Y, Perroud N, Huguelet P. A thematic analysis of delusion with religious contents in schizophrenia: open, closed, and mixed dynamics. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 2013;201(8):665–673. DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31829c5073
135. Kaleda VG, Popovich UO, Romanenko NV. The relationship between psychiatry and religion in the works of Russian psychiatrists]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(6):102–110. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811861102
136. Sulmasy DP. Spirituality, religion, and clinical care. Chest. 2009;135(6):1634–1642. DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-2241
Review
For citations:
Popovich U.O., Romanenko N.V., Kaleda V.G. To the Question about Pathological Religiosity in the Context of Clinical Psychiatry. Psychiatry (Moscow) (Psikhiatriya). 2020;18(4):114-126. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2020-18-4-114-126