Медико-биологические и потенциальные терапевтические аспекты использования препарата лития карбоната

Обоснование: соль карбоната лития используется в психиатрии при состояниях возбуждения, для предотвращения рецидивов маниакальных и депрессивных эпизодов, а также для лечения агрессивного поведения. Фармакологические характеристики карбоната лития изучены не полностью. В последнее время наблюдается повышение интереса к более широкому использованию препарата, например при терапии нейродегенеративных заболеваний и даже при вирусных инфекциях. Цель: представить обзор наиболее ранних современных зарубежных исследований, освещающих медико-биологические и потенциальные терапевтические аспекты использования препарата карбоната лития не по традиционным показаниям. Материал и методы: по ключевым словам «карбонат лития, нейропротекция, токсичность, болезнь Альцгеймера, коронавирусная инфекция» проводился поиск научных публикаций в базах данных MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus за период с 1970 по 2021 г. Заключение: по данным анализированных работ, карбонат лития может оказывать значительный эффект на патогенез болезни Альцгеймера, что может стать перспективным в разработке терапии этого до сих пор неизлечимого заболевания. Важно также отметить противовирусные эффекты карбоната лития. В исследованиях показано, что он способен смягчать иммунно-воспалительную активацию, наблюдаемую во время эпизодов биполярного расстройства, включая нормализацию уровней цитокинов. Наиболее интересным является прямое воздействие лития карбоната на некоторых членов семейства коронавирусов, что особенно важно в связи с актуальными проблемами, связанными с вирусом SARS-CoV-2, принявшими масштабы всемирного кризиса общественного здравоохранения.

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