Dementia of Old Age: Mortality and Survival

The aim of the review: to generalize the data of the studies on mortality rates and terms of survival of patients with late age dementias, and to present the changes in notions of lifetime and the end of life in patients with late age dementias in accordance with the results of current studies.

Material and methods: for making a review of the literature according to the key words «late age», «dementia», «mortality», and «survival», papers were selected and analyzed from 1990 till 2019 in databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, as well as relevant references in the literature of the analyzed papers.

The results and discussion: according to the results of the analysis of scientific publications, the differences between the mortality rates and the terms of survival were presented in comparison to their values in the case of dementia’s absence. The differences between the mortality rates and the terms of survival, depending on neurodegenerative and vascular genesis of dementia, were shown.

A tendency towards the increase of duration of illness was noticed in dementias of late age, first of all of neurodegenerative type, in comparison to the previous notions. Among the factors of influence on mortality rates and terms of survival, gender and age characteristics of dementia patients, and the presence of multiple medical pathologies, are considered the most significant.

Among the factors of influence on the values of mortality rates and survival, gender and age-related characteristics of patients with dementia, the presence of multiple medical pathologies, are considered the most significant. The current possibilities of dementia diagnostics at the earlieststages of the disease, were considered as to the change of concepts of an increase in the duration of the illness. The effect of therapeutic inter vention is evaluated ambiguously, as well as the living conditions of patients with dementia and the organization of care for them.

Conclusion: the notion of the expected duration of life of the patients with dementia is necessar y for individual medical work with the patients and the members of their families, as well as for state planning of the volume of medical and social assistance to the patients of old age.

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