Background. Numerous research projects were devoted to psychoneurological disorder biomarkers searching. This problem is very important today because there is no any psychoneurological disease biomarker so far with an appropriate specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, accuracy andlittle invasiveness of the biomaterial take off procedure.Results. This review concerns the collated information taking a step towards considering L-carnitine as one of the potential biomarker in the line-up of psychoneurological disorder marker medications as well as using L-carnitine and its derivatives in medical practice in case of psychoneurological disorders.

The aim was to present the review of foreign neuropsychological methods of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) assessment in aged.Results. In this topic there is brief description of actual foreign neuropsychological methods of MCI’s research, as well as the procedure of research and data for sensitivity and specificity of certain methods.

The aim of the study is to analyzeliterature data on the nicergoline treatment of patients with dementia.Научные обзоры Material and methods. The literature review based on the assessment of the effectiveness and safety of nicergoline used in the treatment of dementia. This review describes the clinical characteristics of dementia. We analyzed modern approaches to phar- macological correction of these disorders. This review describes the range of biochemical activity and mechanism of nicergoline action. In the article discussed the profile and specificity of nicergoline action and the possibility of combining nicergoline with other drugs. Alarge number of both preclinical and clinical studies on the application of nicergoline in the world medical practice were described in this review.Conclusion. The analysis of the studies demonstrates the high efficiency and broad spectrum of nicergoline treatment.

Background. The investigation’s problem of adynamic depressions requires accurate studying of structural properties of psychopathological syndromes, and finding the place of adynamic depressions in clinical implications of affective diseases and schizophrenia.The aim of the study. To carry out the clinico-psychopathological analysis of endogenous adynamic depressions to determine its types, to study the features of adynamia for differential diagnostic and prognosis of endogenous diseases with similar to adynamia psychopathological states.Material and methods. The study material made up 65 patients (21 men, 44 women; median age 37,4 years). All patients were suffering from endogenous adynamic depressions, observed in affective diseases (25 cases) and schizophrenia (40 cases). In ICD-10 there were presented the codes F20.0, F20.4, F21, F31, F32, F33. The main instruments of investigation were clinical and psychopathological methods and folow-up study.Results. Performed study confirmes the hypotesis of adynamia's appurtenance to affective disorders and validity of adynanic depression's eduction as separate form of depressive state. There were found the significant differences between adynamic disorders, apathy and asthenia. The study showed up determination of adynanic depression's type by its psychopathological structure related to different expressiveness of adynamia's components (ideational, motor and conative) and accessary of nonaffective disorders. Adynamic depressions were divided in 2 types: simple and polymorphous. Development of simple adynamic depressions was observed in affective diseases, polymorphous type of adynamic depression was in shift-like schizophrenia with insignificant and significant progression.Conclusion. Adynamic depression is independent form of endogenous depressions. There were identified specifics of its clinical course due to different nosological entities. It was shown prognostic significance of adynamia for the course of disease and the development of therapeutical approaches.

Background. Clinical aspects of shizophrenia's analysis is of the utmost interest due to different psycopathological features of disease, which have various significance of differential diagnosis and prognosis.The aim of study was investigate of the clinical aspects of schizophrenia with a oneiroid catatonia.Material and methods. 68 patients with different course of schizophrenia were investigated by clinico-psychopathological and followed-up methods. Were included patients with oneiric-catatonic state.Results. The investigation of patients with oneiric-catatonic states in schizophrenia showed up its clinical and dynamical heterogeneity. Analysis of cases included violations before manifestation, structure manifest psychosis, further remissions during the disease, premorbid characteristics and heredity factors. That allowed to divide 3 current versions of the endogenous process. It was determined that the clinical and psychopathological features of oneiric-catatonic states are closely connected with the forms of schizophrenia's course.Сonclusion. Conducted study allowed to define the prognostic estimate of oneiric-catatonic state in schizophrenia with different degrees of severity and progression of negative personality changes.

Objectives. The article is devoted to motor disorders in schizotypal patients with obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Material and methods. 19 patients were examined with psychopathological method, neuropsychological techniques, rating scales to identify catatonic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Results. The study results confirm the existence of a special group of disorders obsessive-compulsive spectrum - obsessional slowness and assume that the formation of the phenomenon of obsessional slowness involves not only compulsive disorder, but also the phenomena of catatonia.

The aim was to search the objectively verified neurophysiological methods and its markers proving pathogenetic unity of shizoaffective disorder and others diseases of schizophrenia circle.Material and methods. 120 healthy men (mean age of 21,9 ± 0,7 years old), 53 men (mean age of 26,3 ± 1,0 years old) with diagnosis F20.09x on MKB-10, 167 men (meanage of 38,2 ± 0,9 years old) with diagnosis F20.00x on MKB-10, 55 men (meanage of 33,0 ± 1,3 years) with diagnosis F20.01x on MKB-10 and 50 men (mean age of 38,0 ± 2,1 years old) with diagnosis F25.x on MKB- 10 were investigated using unique EEG-method of dispersion of amplitude-frequency characteristics of an alpha rhythm (DAFCA).Results. It is established that all DAFCA indices in pathological conditions considerably differ from normal. It was found functional hypofrontality which is shown shift of frequency of an alpha rhythm in frontal departments in slowly-wave part and considerable decrease in indexes of dispersion in all cases of pathological conditions in comparison with normal regulation. The extension of DAFCA indexes reduction and pattern change of dispersive cartogram depended on the age of disease onset and of treatment duration.Conclusion. The DAFCA method is rather effective method of EEG-verification of mental diseases; statistically significant dis- tinctions between schizoaffective disorders and schizoprenia were not revealed.

Background. The topicality of studies of the mental ontogenesis of children with diseases of the central nervous system connected with the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders in the population of children, which gives the impact on mental development, and the need to provide patients with a comprehensive (medical and psychological help). Alot of native and foreign scientists pointed at disorders of psychological development of children with convulsive paroxysms in history.The purpose was to identify particular qualities of cognitive development of children with epileptiform activity on EEG.Material and methods. Participants of the research were 102 children from 6 to 8 years old. 54 of the participants had paroxysmal conditions; EEG in 12 children showed epileptiform activity without seizures in the past history, 36 children had residual cerebral pathology without any seizures in the past history. The research was carried using clinical methods and experimental neuropsychological investigation of high mental functions in children (Tsvetkova L.S., 2002), diagnostic package «Prognosis and prevention of schoollearning problems» (Yasyukova L.A., 2002).Results and conclusions. The results of empirical studies have shown that different character of EEG correlates with different structures of children’s cognitive deficits. The background EEG of disorganized type is accompanied with a weakening of the regulatory factor, the optical-spatial factor, attention and increasing modal-nonspecific memory impairment. Epileptiform activity on EEG was associated with the violation of dynamic movement, kinesthetic praxis and the ability to understand thelogical-grammatical constructions. The results must be considered in the process of psycho-correction work carried out with the child with different character of EEG.